Global Geography Study Guide 1

Front 1

region

Back 1

A sppecific part, area or territory that has similarities, example-Central America, Northern Maine (trees)

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Latitude

Back 2

-measure north and south
A distance that is north or south of the equator

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Longitude

Back 3

A distance that is east or wast of the prime meridian and run north to south

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Prime Meridian

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An invisible line that divides the world in half east to west, runs north to south

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Hemisphere

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the parts of the world split by the prime meridian or equator

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Key (or Legend)

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A list of symbols on a map or chart

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Isolines

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A map showing things other than political or physical features (population, language, climate)

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Contour Lines

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A line on a map joining equal elevation points

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Compass Rose

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A symbol on a compass or map, circual with points for direction

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Cardinal Directions

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One of four main compass points

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Intermediate Directions

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The other points on a compass (North east, south west...)

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Scale

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The ratio of the size of an object and its representation on a map

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physical Map

Back 13

A map showing boundries, bodies of water, deserts and mountian, etc.

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Political Map

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A map showing a country's territoreis and boundries and capitals

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Map Projection

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showing the globe onto a flat surface using grid lines

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Axis

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A center around which something rotates

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Rotation

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The act of turning on an axis

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Orbit

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To revolve around

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Revolution

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A turning motion around an axis

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Equinox

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One of the two times when the night and day are equal (september and march 21)

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Solstice

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One of the two times when it is either the longest or shotest day (summer and winter)

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The Tropics

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In between both lines representing the farthest northen and souther pionts at which the sun can shine

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Climate

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The average ari conditions in a specific place over time (generally 30 years)

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Weather

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Air conditions in a given place at a given time

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Prevailing Winds

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The wind direction, blowing in a fairly constant pattern

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Trade Winds

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winds blowing from east to west, above adn below the equator

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Windward

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On the side exposed to the wind

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Leeweard

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The side away from the wind

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rain Shadow

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An area with little precicipation, because of a barrier(mountain)

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Plate tectonics

Back 30

A theory explaining distrubution of world's things

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Continental Drift Theory

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The movemnt, formation of continents discribed by plate tectonics theory

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Internal Forces

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Forces that shap earth which orginate from within the eart casued by plate mantel activity

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Volcanism

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Fishers in

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Spreading

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Plates that separate and magma, mountains form

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Rift Valley

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Weak zones in plate which slide (fault zones)

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The Ring of Fire

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zone of volcanic activity that coincides with the borders of Pacific Ocean

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Surface Forces

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Forces that shape the earth's features whcih originate from the earths surface

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Mechanical and Chemical Weathering

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Physical foces that shapes the earths surface (mechanical) and chemical elements that shape the earth's surface (chemical)

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Erosion

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natural processes (weather) in which material is worn away-forming canyons

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Glaciers

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A mass of ice, flowing over land masses makes land curvy not pointy

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Acid rian

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Acid precipitation falling like rain (pollution)

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Ice Age

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When glaciers covered a large surface of the earth

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Land Bridge

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A neck of land that connects two land masses

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Glacial Till

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The part of glacial drift that was depsoited by the glaciers decay

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Isthmus

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A strip of land connecting land masses

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Archipelago

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A group of islands

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Delta

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A deposit at the mouth of a river caused by tidal currants

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Desert Climate

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Where rainfall is very low during the year, it might not rain for years and then have a flash flood, vergation can't survive

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Steppe climate

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Found in the middle of continents in lee of high mountain, the mountains block the moist air so there isn't enough precipitation for trees to grow, small plants and grass

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Mediterranean Climate

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sumemrs are hot and dry, winters ar cooler and moist

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Arable Land

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Fit for cultviation

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The Nile River

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longest river in the world-forms delta with the medditeranean Sea, used for irragation, only source of moisture for the Egyptain Civilizaiton

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The Arabian Peninsula

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in southwest Asia between the red sea dn persian gulf-Saudi Arabia, Yeman, Oman, UAE, Qatar, Bahrain and Kuwait

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Domestication of animals

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Teh egyptian started it for pets and agriculture

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Alluvial Soil Deposits and Deltas

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A soil depositied by runing water, very good for irrigation

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mesopotamia

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In SouthwestAsia, an alluvial plain between two rivers called the crade of civilations, between the Tigris and the Euphrates

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The Fertile Crescent

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A historical region in teh middle east-Ancient egypt, the Levant and Mesopotamia-surrounded by water

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Nomadism-permanent residency-civilation

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Nomadic people traveled around and then found a place with food and water and the conditions they needed so they settled and then they needed a way to organize themselves so they had a civilization