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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What do geography and geosciences address?
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Spatial aspects and processes of the earth.
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Where is our solar system located?
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The Milky Way
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How far is Earth from the Sun?
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3rd planet
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How often does the Earth rotate on it's axis?
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Once every 24 hours
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An angular distance North or South of the Equator
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Latitude
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A line connecting all points along the same latitudinal angle
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Parallel
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An angular distance east or west of a point on Earth's surface
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Longitude
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Line connecting all points along the same longitude
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Meridian
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What are used to grid the earth?
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Parallels and Meridians
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What are used to determine location on the earth?
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Latitude and Longitude
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Earth's axis is inclined how many degrees off the perpendicular?
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23.5
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Earth's axis is inclined how many degrees off the plane of the ecliptic?
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66.5
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What is Earth's north axis always inclined towards?
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North Star or Polaris
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What accounts for the seasons?
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Inclination of the axis and earth's revolution about the sun
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Six points of reference in the revolution path of the Earth about the Sun
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Aphelion, Perihelion, autumnal and spring equinoxes, and winter and summer solstices
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What defines Eclipses and solstices?
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location of sun directly ahead between tropic of cancer and tropic of capricorn
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What is happening to half of the Earth at all times?
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being bathed in sunlight
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Lighted half of the earth is separated from the darker half of the earth by what
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Circle of illumination (great circle)
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What is perihelion?
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earths' closest position to the sun
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What is aphelion?
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earth's farthest position from the sun
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What two major types of emissions does the Earth recieve from the sun?
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solar wind and electromagnetic radiation
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What constitutes the solar wind?
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Ionized particles
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What is earth's outer defense against the charged particles of the solar wind?
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magnetosphere
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Why does only a small portion of solar wind enter the earth's atmosphere?
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deflection
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What cause the Northern and Southern Lights?
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Earth's magnetosphere deflecting solar wind
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What is the source of solar energy?
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Electromagnetic Radiation
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Incoming solar radiation is ___ frequency, ___ energy, ___-wave radiation
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high, high, low
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Earth re-radiates energy back to space as ___ wave energy
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long
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Incoming solar energy is affected by what?
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nature of the atmosphere and Earth's landcover
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The atmosphere is separated into layers by what?
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Temperature Patterns
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What are the two closest layers of the atmosphere to Earth's surface?
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stratosphere and troposphere
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What does ozone in the stratosphere do?
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reduces the amount of incoming ultraviolet radiation
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What does the troposphere contain that affects the amount of incoming radiation?
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clouds, particulate matter, and water vapor
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What are three ways in which incoming solar energy is affected by the atmosphere?
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absorpotion, reflection, and scattering
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Define scattering?
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changing the directions of the suns rays without breaking them apart
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What absorbs energy more slowly and reradiates it back more slowly? land surfaces or water?
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Water
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What layer of the atmosphere is closest to the earth?
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troposphere
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Temperatures decline with _____ in the troposphere
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altitude
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The atmosphere is composed of what?
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air molecules
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The weight of air molecules on a surface constitutes ____
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atmospheric pressure
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