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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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non-verbal communication |
tone of voice, gestures, eye contact, body positions, facial grimaces, and other body language that accompanies verbal communication |
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specific vs. diffuse |
the degree to which a society compartmentalizes roles |
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Achievement vs. ascription |
how rewards in a society are handed out: performance vs. place in society |
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Verbal communication |
a message’s actual contents (i.e. what the message says) |
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culture |
learned behavior; a way of life for one group of people living in a single, related, and independent community |
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guanxi |
chinese philosophy denoting friendships among unequals and unlimited exchanges of favors; it is not based on sentiment, emotions, or a group orientation |
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reference groups |
groups that are important to individuals |
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neutral vs. emotional |
the extent to which a society expresses itself emotionally |
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Uncertainty avoidance |
the extent to which societies tolerate risk or are risk averse |
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social institutions |
the way people in a society relate to one another within group settings |
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backward translation |
translating a message from English into a foreign language, then translating it back into English to check for accuracy |
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Masculine vs. feminine |
the extent to which a society minimizes gender inequality |
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Individualism vs. collectivism |
the worth of an individual versus the worth of a group |
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time orientation |
the extent to which a society emphasizes short-run or long-run time horizons |
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manners and customs |
the way a society does things |
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acculturation |
the ability of a firm to adjust to a culture different from its own |
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Universalism vs. particularism |
the importance of rules versus relationships |
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Attitudes |
Feelings or opinions |
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Inwa |
korean philosophy stressing harmony among unequals, loyalty to parents and authority figures, and superiors being responsible for the well-being of subordinates |
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values |
basic beliefs or philosophies that are pervasive in a society |
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material culture |
a direct result of technology; best demonstrated by economic, social, financial, and marketing infrastructures |
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aesthetics |
what is perceived as taste and beauty in a society |
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social stratification |
the extent to which groups at the top of the social pyramid exert control over others at lower levels of the pyramid |
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power distance |
the level of egalitarianism (equality) in a society |
