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78 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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mahatma ghandi
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led india through war using non violent tactics; he inspired MLK Jr.
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roman catholic church
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a unted force that tried to protect indians from harsh rule by the Spanish. They also wanted Native American s to give up their religious beliefs. Since the church had ties with the gov't they controlled many aspects of life including education, hospitals, and services to the poor
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simon Bolivar
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Creole. he was the liberator for his role in so many revolutions. He freed Venezuela
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Toussaint L'Overture
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free black who led Haiti to independence
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Jose de San Martin
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creole leader of the chilean revolution
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Jomo Kenyatta
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demanded political and economic reform from the British. He was accused of leading the mau-mau, he lead kenya to independence and became the first pres.
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Napoleon Bonaparte
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from france, overthrew Spain and Portugal
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Pedro of Portugal
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Pedro of Portugal - the son of King John VI, who was the ruler of Portugal. Pedro was the first Emperor of Brazil. When Brazilians won freedom, it was partly unsuccessful until 2 years later when slaves won freedom. Pedro had given the people freedom and rights, but didn't abolish slavery. Pedro wrote a Constitution but was overthrown in 1889. Slaves were freed, and Brazil became a Republic.
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Treaty of Tordessillas
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the treaty that divided Latin American btw France, SPain, and portugal
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money economy
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an economy where you sell your labor
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kwame nkrama
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led ghana to independence
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wangari maathi
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she planted trees to establish peace in Africa
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Leopold Senghor
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led the negritude movement and led Senegal to independence
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negritude movement
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a movement that encourgaed africans to value their heritage, and it strenghthened pan-africanism
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kofi annan
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the secretary general of the U.N.
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urbanization
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when people migrate from rural to urban places
--- effects: shantytowns-too many ppl, no edu. increase of pov. ----hopes: better homes, jobs, schools |
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Berlin COnference
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had a purpose to avoid war btw European countries-it also decided who controls what -- took place in Berlin, Germany 1884
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Liberia
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a country founded by freed slaves
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Fidel Castro
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current dictator of Cuba
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Security Council
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the brance of the U.N. in cahrge of international peace and security
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Veto
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the power to over throw a law/decision---- the 5 permenate members, UK, US, USSR, FRANCE, China have the right to veto any decision
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trusteeship council
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was in charge of decolonization
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Miguel Hidalgo
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first man to attempt to free Mexico, he was a father (church) in 1811 he died before a royalist firing squad
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Benardo O'Higgins
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chilean patriot who helped Jose de San Martin in the CHilean Revolution, he was lef in charge of Chile when Chile gained independence in 1818
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Jose Moreles
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the 2nd person who tried to gain Mexican independence; mestizo; was executed in 1815
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Augustin de Iturbide
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creole father (church) army officer in 1821 he declared Mexican independence,he declared himself emperor but 2 yrs. later he was forced to step down
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pan africanism
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unifying all of Africa. began in eary 1900's with teh slogan "Africa for Africans"
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Mau-Mau
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groups that attacked white settlers
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Benito Juarez
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a national hero because he fought to win a better life for Mexicos poor
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Oligarchy
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a government in which a small elite has rule
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decolonization
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when colonies gained independence
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infrastructure
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man-made interior of a country
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guerilla warfare
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small bands of fighters stage hit and run attacks against a larger power
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diplomacy
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a way of settleing conflict btw 2 countries in a non violent way; talking things out negotiating
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nationalism
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extreme pride in one's country
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creole
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born in spain with european ancestry
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hacienda
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spanish plantation
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indigenous
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native people
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pongo
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slaves of the hacienda
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fula- fula
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a bus alternative
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hierachy
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rich to poor; social classes; standing in society
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patriarchal/patriarchy
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oldest male is the head of the family, when he dies he gives his land to his eldest son, women and children were expected to obey them
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mulattoe
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a person of African and European descent
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peninsulares
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a person who was born spanish
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cuadillo
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military strong men
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region
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group of countries liked together by a common bond of language, religion, or history
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polygamy
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when a man has more then 1 wife
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shamba
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a traditional small fram usually run by a tribe/extended family/community
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mestizo
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a person of European and Indigenous descent
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democracy
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a from of gov't in which each citizen votes for their leaders
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facist
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type of corrupt gov't
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dictatorship
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dictators hold absolute power over their citizens they make and break law as they see fit
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communist
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communist gov'ts traditionally advocates an end to private ownership of business, equal distribution of wealth and the coming to power of the working class
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freedom of the press
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where the press is largely free to expose the truth of the gov't the country
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republic
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the halmarks of republics are their representative form of gov't , citizens run for pulic office, vote in elections, adn have the power to evite public officials from office, and the freedom of speech and press
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privatization
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the selling of state-owned industries to private investors
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decentralization
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the spreading of government decisions over more than one section of the government. ex:there are 5 government leaders, but only one makes a decision = centralization. But, if they all form a consensus then it is decentralization. \
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totalitarian
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totalitarian governments are those in which the state takes complete control
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proletariat
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working class
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bourgeoisie
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middle and upper class
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labor
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work
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coup de'etat
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revolt usually by military leaders against a nations gov't
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revolution
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the overthrow of a gov't or social order by force in order of a new system
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empowerment
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to authority or power to
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monarchy
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a gov't runs by kind or queen as ruler of a country
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maroon colony
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a rural settlement/village byilt by escaped slaces. found in brazil, the guianas, haiti, adn jamaica. the inhabitants were always in danger of being caught by soldiers
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padrinos
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god parents
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colonial
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Of, relating to, possessing, or inhabiting a colony or colonies.
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boycott
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a refusal to buy goods or services
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topography
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thenatural features of a country
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literacy/illiteracy
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being able to read and write/not being able to read and write
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deforestation
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when trees are cut down for reasons such as: firewood, building houses, making room for buildings, and food (fruit)
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desertification
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the turning of semi arid land to desert
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economy
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the state of a country or region based on the production and consumption of goods and services and the supply of money
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imperialism
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control by one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country or region
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insurgants
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military workers in Iraq
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Guachos
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cowboys that tend cattle and work(usually) on ranches
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llaneros
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cowboys
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