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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Brain is made up ______________ of Glial Cells.
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85%
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What are 4 types of Neuroglial Cells?
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Oligodendrocytes, Microglial, Astrocytes, and Ependymal Cells
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Are Glial cells excitable OR inexcitable?
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Inexcitable (no action potentials)
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What glial cell is branching and myelinating axons in the CNS (does not regenerate well)?
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Oligodendrocytes
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What glial cells is an IMMUNE cells?
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Microglial
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What are 2 Microglial problems?
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Alzheimers b/c of inflammation and Gliosis from scar tissue
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What glial cells serve as the "clean up crew" after microglial cells have come in and phagocytized?
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Astrocytes
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What glial cell makes Neurotrophic Substances and Growth Factors?
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Astrocytes
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what glial cell synthesizes and moves CSF?
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Ependymal cells
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What glial cell, takes up material, digests it, and then pushes it thru the capillary blood stream for removal?
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Astrocytes
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What are 5 roles of Astrocytes?
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1. Strxl support 2. Form BBB 3. Reg. Blood flow 4. regulate Neuronal activity 5. Scar Formation
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_____________increases the Ca concentration in Astrocytes and thus causing them to release ATP.
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Glutamate
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What effect does stress have on stem cells in the brain?
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reduces proliferation
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What is the fxn of Epidermal GF?
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Differentiation into Glia
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what is the fxn of Fibroblast GF and EPO?
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promote neuronal production
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Besides location, what is a big difference between Oligodendrocytes and Schwann Cells?
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Schwann Cells easily regenerate :)
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What is this? 1 cell makes 1 myelin sheath.
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Schwann Cells
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What is a Gliotransmitter?
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Norepi triggers release of glial ATP
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Glial membrane potential depends on what?
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concentration of K in Interstital fluid. Glial cells help regulate this amount of K.
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what is the Tripartite synpase?
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pre, Post, ECM formed by astrocytes
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Astrocytes release what to control stem cells and glutamate release?
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epinephrine
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Epinephrine released by Astrocytes ____________the amount of receptors on postsynapse.
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Decreases
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What do astrocytes make to have forward control of blood?
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Prostaglandins
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Neuronal Synaptic Activity act thru astrocytes to do what?
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regulate Cerebrovasculature
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what is a kind of Ependymal cell that releases chemicals right into Bloodstream?
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Tanycytes
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In the CNS how many axons will an Oligodendrocyte myelinate?
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30-50 axons
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What are 5 Glial Functions?
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1. Myelination 2. NT uptake 3. Ion Uptake 4. Strx 5. Nutrtive
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Glial cells are only permeable to __________.
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K+ POTASSIUM
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What is the membrane potential of a Glial cell in a concentration of 3mM of K?
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neg. 80 to 90
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How do Astrocytes communicate?
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via Intercellular Calcium waves
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