Glencoe Us Govt Democracy In Action Ch 2

Front 1

In 1215, King John of England signed the Magna Carta, which established the idea of what type of government?

Back 1

Limited Government

Front 2

The principle that says that government is not absolute, or completely powerful

Back 2

Limited Government

Front 3

Document signed by Charles I in 1625 that limited the king's power

Back 3

Petition of Right

Front 4

The ________________ said that the king could not:
- Collect taxes without Parlaiment's consent
- Put people in prison for no reason
- House troops in private homes without the owner's permission
- Declare martial law unless the country was at war

Back 4

Petition of Right

Front 5

The _________________ set limits on what the king could and could not do. These limits applied to the colonists as well.

Back 5

English Bill of Rights

Front 6

The document that established the following rules:
- Kings do not have absolute authority
- The king must have Parlaiment's consent to suspend laws, levy taxes, or maintain an army
- The king cannot interfere with Parlaimentary elections
- The people have a right to petition the government and have a fair trial
- Citizens should not be subject to cruel or unusual punishment

Back 6

English Bill of Rights

Front 7

A government in which people elect delegates to make laws and conduct government.

Back 7

Representative Government

Front 8

Man who wrote "Two Treatises of Government" - which defined the concept of natural law

Back 8

John Locke

Front 9

The idea that the laws of nature provided rights to life, liberty and property

Back 9

Natural Law

Front 10

The idea that if government failed to protect the natural rights of its citizens, the people could change that government

Back 10

Social contract theory

Front 11

The 3 key elements of colonial government

Back 11

1. A written constitution
2. A legislature of elected representatives
3. A separation of powers between the governor and the legislature

Front 12

The first example of many colonial plans for self-government.

1620 - Pilgrims

Back 12

Mayflower Compact

Front 13

The first basic system of LAWS in the English Colonies

1636 - Massachusetts Bay Colony

Back 13

Great Fundamentals

Front 14

The first elected lawmaking body in the English colonies

1619 - Virginia

Back 14

House of Burgesses

Front 15

America's first formal constitution, or charter

1639 - Puritans

Back 15

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Front 16

Most voting rights in the early colonies were dependent upon what two things?

Back 16

1. Land ownership
2. Membership in the official church

Front 17

The concept that said power was divided between the governor, the legislature, and the court.

Back 17

Separation of Powers

Front 18

Three practices that were established by colonial governments and became a key part of the nation’s system of government

Back 18

Limited government
Representative government
Separation of powers

Front 19

In the eyes of the British, what was the purpose of the American colonies?

Back 19

To serve as a source of raw materials and a market for British goods; for the economic benefit of Great Britain.

Front 20

What 2 events changed the easy relationship between the colonies and Great Britain?

Back 20

1. French & Indian War – the defeat of the French meant the colonists no longer needed protection
2. Coronation of King George III

Front 21

Law passed in Great Britain to tax the American colonies to help pay for the French & Indian War

Back 21

Stamp Act of 1765

Front 22

The money a government collects from taxes and other sources

Back 22

Revenue

Front 23

The Boston Tea Party was a revolt against what?

Back 23

Taxes on the colonies which benefitted GB but not the colonists

Front 24

In retaliation for the Boston Tea Party, Parlaiment passed the Coercive Acts which the colonists called what?

Back 24

The Intolerable Acts

Front 25

The first plan for uniting the 13 colonies

Written by Ben Franklin
Rejected by the colonists because it gave too much power to a national government

Back 25

The Albany Plan of Union

Front 26

First meeting organized by the colonies to protest King George’s actions

Back 26

Stamp Act Congress

Front 27

Network of communicating assemblies that urged resistance to the British

Back 27

Committees of Correspondence

Front 28

An agreement prohibiting trade between two countries

Back 28

Embargo

Front 29

Delegates from all the colonies (except Georgia) met in
Philadelphia, September 5, 1774
To decide what to do about the colonies’ relationship with Great Britain

Back 29

The First Continental Congress

Front 30

Date and place of the
The first battle of the Revolutionary war, when
British redcoasts clashed with colonial minutemen

Back 30

Lexington and Concord in Massachusetts
April 19, 1775

Front 31

Three weeks after the war began, this Congress assumed the powers of a central government
It had no constitutional authority, but served as the acting government of the colonies throughout the war

Back 31

The Second Continental Congress

Front 32

First president of the 2nd Continental Congress

Back 32

John Hancock

Front 33

Wrote Common Sense, which argued that a monarchy was a corrupt form of government and that George III was an enemy to liberty

Back 33

Thomas Paine

Front 34

Patriot who said, “Is not America already independent? Why not then declare it?”

Back 34

Samuel Adams

Front 35

Patriot who introduced a resolution in the Continental Congress that “these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent states.”
Resolution was approved July 2, 1776

Back 35

Richard Henry Lee

Front 36

Patriot who wrote the Declaration of Independence

Back 36

Thomas Jefferson

Front 37

Date Declaration of Independence was signed

Back 37

July 4, 1776

Front 38

What was so unique about the Declaration of Independence?

Back 38

No government at the time had been founded on the principles of human liberty and consent of the people

Front 39

The Second Continental Congress instructed the states to do what?

Back 39

Form governments and adopt a state constitution

Front 40

Plan adopted by the colonies in 1777 which continued the structure and operation of government that was established under the Second Continental Congress

Established that the states were in a “league of friendship: rather than united under a strong national government

Back 40

Articles of Confederation

Front 41

Word meaning “approved”

Back 41

Ratified

Front 42

“Single chamber”

Back 42

Unicameral

Front 43

First Congress, or Committee of States had how many representatives from each colony?

And how many houses of Congress?

Back 43

1 rep from each state

1 house of Congress

Front 44

Under the Articles of Confederation, the national government did not have certain powers, such as…

Back 44

1. Power to collect taxes
2. Power to regulate trade
3. Power to enforce laws

Front 45

Greatest achievements of the Confederation of States

Back 45

Establishment of a fair policy for developing lands west of the Appalachians
Peace treaty with Great Britain (1783)

Front 46

Another word for “Yielded”

Back 46

Ceded

Front 47

Another word for "Laws"

Back 47

Ordinances

Front 48

Established the principle that the territories were to be developed
for statehood on an equal basis with the older states.

Back 48

Northwest Ordinance

Front 49

What were the 2 main reasons the states needed a strong central government was

Back 49

Large national debt and growing financial troubles

Disputes between states, mainly over boundary lines and tariffs (taxes on trade)

Front 50

Man who led a revolt against the Massachusetts state supreme court; name of the rebellion named after him

Led people to recognize the need for a strong central government

Back 50

Daniel Shay

Shay’s Rebellion

Front 51

Meeting which led to the call for a Constitutional Convention

Back 51

Annapolis Convention

Front 52

Man selected to preside over the Constitutional Convention

Back 52

George Washington

Front 53

Meetings which originally were intended to re-write and strengthen the Articles of Confederation. However, they ended up abandoning the articles and writing a whole new Constitution. What was the name of this series of meeting?

Back 53

Constitutional Convention

Front 54

Plan proposed at the Constitutional Convention which gave the larger states control of a strong national government

Back 54

Virginia Plan

Front 55

Plan proposed at the Constitutional Convention which said the central government would continue as a federation of sovereign states

Back 55

New Jersey Plan

Front 56

Compromise between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan
Established a bicameral Legislature

Back 56

Connecticut Compromise

Front 57

The plan for how to count slaves

Back 57

Three-fifths Compromise

Front 58

Trade among the states

Back 58

Interstate Commerce

Front 59

People who criticized the Constitution
Said it was drafted in secrecy and took important power from the states

Back 59

Anti-Federalists

Front 60

People who supported the new Constitution

Back 60

Federalists

Front 61

Political disorder

Back 61

Anarchy

Front 62

One of the Anti-Federalists’ main complaint was that the new Constitution did not contain what?

Back 62

Bill of Rights

Front 63

John Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay wrote more than 80 essays defending the new Constitution. These were collected in a book called what?

Back 63

The Federalist

Front 64

Authors of The Federalist

Back 64

John Hamilton
James Madison
John Jay

Front 65

Father of the Constitution

Back 65

James Madison