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63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Science is...
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a way of learning more about the natural world.
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What are some questions that cannot be answered by science?
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Questions about art, politics, personal preference, or morality. Science cannot tell good, bad, right or wrong.
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An attempt to explain a pattern observed repeatedly in the natural world...
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scientific theory
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A rule that describes a pattern in nature is...
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scientific law
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A system is....
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a collection of structures, cycles, and processes that relate to each other like the solar system or the digestive system
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Life scientists study...
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living things and the ways in which they interact.
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Earth Scientists study...
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space and earth systems such as rocks, weather, oceans.
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Physical scientists study...
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matter and energy such as chemistry and physics.
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Technology is...
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the practical use of science or applied science such as creating solar powered houses.
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The scientific method starts with...
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a question.
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The second step of the scientific method is...
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to make a hypothesis which is an educated guess.
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The third step in the scientific method is to...
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experiment to learn more.
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After you experiment, you...
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analyze your hypothesis to see if it was correct. Then we organize and communicate the findings, usually in a chart.
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To infer is to...
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draw a conclusion based on what we know.
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Variables are...
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factors that can be changed in an experiment such as the amount of light or the type of soap.
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Constants are..
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things we can't or don't change in an experiment like the types of plants or how long we wash clothes.
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A model is...
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any representation of an object or an event used as a tool for understanding the natural world.
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Physical models...
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are models that you can pick up like a model car.
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Computer models...
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are on the computer and model large amounts of data such as weather and earthquakes.
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Why use a model?
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They communicate ideas, test predictions, save time and money
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Limitations of models...
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they may not be exactly right.
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Good data in an experiment is....
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specific and repeatable. Instead of warm, you would write 70 degrees celsius. If someone does the same experiment, they should get the same data.
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To evaluate a scientific explanation....
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look at the observations and ask if the conclusion makes sense and see if the scientist made detailed notes.
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A way to describe the world with numbers is....
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measurement.
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A rough measurement of an object...
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estimation.
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Precision is...
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how close answers are to each other such as 5.0, 5.1, and 4.9.
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Accuracy...
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how close answers are to the actual value.
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The metric (SI) units for mass, length, volume weight temperature...
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kilograms, meters,
cubic meters, newtons, kelvin. |
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Rate is the....
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amount of change of one measurement over time.
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Line graph shows...
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relationship between two variables such as time and temperature.
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Bar graphs...
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shows relationships among variables such as days in each month.
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Circle graphs....
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show parts out of a whole like amount of time spent on activities during the day.
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Physical property is...
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anything that can be observed without changing the material such as smell, color, mass, density, touch.
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Physical change is...
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a change that only changes is physical properties such as it's shape or color, but the substance itself doesn't change.
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Density is...
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the amount of mass something has for a given volume. Dense things are heavy for their size.
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Four states of matter...
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solid, liquid, gas, and plasma.
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What state doesn't take the shape of it's container?
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solids
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What state's particles are moving fast?
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gas
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Which state's particles expand to fill the container?
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gas
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If you change from a solid to a liquid, you are...
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melting.
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If you change from a liquid to a gas, you are...
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boiling.
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Metals are...
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shiny (luster), malleable (can be hammered), can be magnetic, conduct electricity.
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Dichotomous keys sort items by...
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physical properties by asking yes or no questions.
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A chemical property...
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is a characteristic that gives a substance to ability to change into a new substance such as burning or rusting.
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A chemical change produces...
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heat, light, bubbles, smoke, change in color (without adding dyes) or sound.
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Which type of change is reversible?
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physical
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Conservation of mass means that...
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matter is neither created or destroyed.
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We can't tell the airplane is moving from inside the plane because...
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motion is relative. We need a reference point outside of the plane.
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What is the difference between displacement and distance?
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Distance is the total amount that you moved back and forth. Displacement is the change from you beginning point to your final point.
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Formula for speed...
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total distance divided by total time.
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How are velocity and speed different?
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velocity is speed with a direction.
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Acceleration is...
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the change of velocity divided by the amount of time the change occurs. Object is accelerating if it is speeding up or down.
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A force is...
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a push or a pull that makes something change its position.
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Inertia...
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an object's tendency to resist change in motion. A dump truck has large inertia while a ball has a little bit.
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Balanced forces...
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cancel each other out such as a tug of war game that doesn't move.
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Friction...
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resists movement between two touching surfaces. Your socks and cement have a lot of friction and you won't slide.
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Gravity is the...
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pull of an object on another object. The object has to be big to have a lot of gravity like the earth or the sun.
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The difference in mass and weight...
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mass is the amount of matter you have. It doesn't change on other planets. Weight is how hard gravity pulls on you.
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Newton's first law of motion..
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something will remain at rest or keep moving with constant speed unless a force acts on it. A ball slows down because of friction and gravity. A ball wouldn't slow down in space.
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The second law of motion...
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Force is mass times acceleration. F=ma
An unbalanced force causes an object to accelerate. |
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Acceleration is in the same direction of the...
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force. If you pull a wagon, it will move in that direction.
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How are acceleration and mass related?
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If you pull with the same force, the more massive object moves with less acceleration. If takes more gas to get a dump truck moving than a little car.
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Newton's third law...
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When a force is applied to an object, it applies an equal and opposite force. When a rocket blasts off, the hot gases blow on the ground and the ground pushes the rocket off.
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