Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Mineral
|
Naturally occurring inorganic solid that has a definite chemical composition and an orderly internal structure.
|
|
|
Minerals must be formed by what?
|
Natural processes
|
|
|
Minerals must be also be:
organic inorganic |
Organic
|
|
|
Every mineral is a what?
|
Element or compound
|
|
|
Minerals have what physical form?
|
They are crystalline solids.
|
|
|
What are the 4 characteristics of minerals?
|
1.Formed by natural processes.
2.Are inorganic 3.Is an element or compound.(with a definite chemical composition.) 4.Are a crystalline solid. |
|
|
What does crystalline mean?
|
THe atoms are arranged in a pattern that repeats over and over again.
|
|
|
List two of the processes that form crystals.
|
Magma & Solution of salts
|
|
|
Magma
|
Hot melted rock beneath the Earth's surface.
|
|
|
Silicate
|
Mineral that contains silicon and oxygen and usually one or more other elements.
|
|
|
How are crystals formed from solutions?
|
Minerals are dissolved in water. Water evaporates. Ions that are left behind combine to form crystals.
|
|
|
What are the 6 crystal shapes?
|
Cubic
Hexagonal Tetragonal Orthorhombic (brick like) Monoclinic Triclinic |
|
|
Most of the common rock forming minerals belong to what group?
|
Silicates
|
|
|
What are the 2 most abundant elements in the Earth's crust?
|
Silicon & Oxygen
|
|
|
How are crystals of minerals classified?
|
By their shapes
|
|
|
Hardness
|
Measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched.
|
|
|
What determines hardness?
|
The arrangement of the minerals atoms.
|
|
|
What is the Mohs scale?
|
A list of common minerals organized according to their hardness. Used for comparison.
|
|
|
Luster
|
The way a mineral reflects light. Luster can be metallic or nonmetallic.
|
|
|
Give examples of nonmetallic luster.
|
Dull,pearly,silky,glassy
|
|
|
Specific Gravity
|
Ratio of a minerals weight compared to the weight of an EQUAL volume of water.
|
|
|
How are minerals recognized?
|
By their physical properties.
|
|
|
Streak
|
The color of a mineral when it is in its powdered form.
|
|
|
What are the physical properties of minerals?
|
Appearance
Hardness Specific gravity Streak Cleavage & Fracture |
|
|
Cleavage
|
Physical property of a mineral that allows it to break along smooth, flat surfaces.
|
|
|
Fracture
|
Physical property of a mineral that allows it to break with uneven, rough, jagged surfaces.
|
|
|
Gem
|
Beautiful, rare, highly prized mineral or form of a mineral.
|
|
|
Which is a characteristic of a mineral?
A. It can be a liquid. B. It is organic. C. It has no crystal structure. D. It is inorganic. |
D. It is inorganic.
|
|
|
What must all silicates contain?
A. Magnesium B. Silicon & Oxygen C. Silicon & Aluminum D. Oxygen & Carbon |
B. Silicon & Oxygen
|
|
|
What is hot, melted rock called?
A. Magma B. Quartz C. Salt Water D. Gypsum |
A. Magma
|
|
|
Which mineral group does quartz belong to?
A. Oxides B. Carbonates C. Silicates D. Sulfides |
C. Silicates
|
|
|
What is the measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched?
A. Luster B. Hardness C. Cleavage D. Fracture |
B. Hardness
|
|
|
What is the color of a powdered mineral formed when rubbing it against an unglazed porcelain tile?
A. Luster B. Density C. Hardness D. Streak |
D. Streak
|
|
|
In what way does quartz break?
A. Cleavage B. Fracture C. Luster D. Flat planes |
B. Fracture
|
|
|
Which of the following must crystalline solids have?
A. Carbonates B. Cubic Structures C. Ordered atoms D. Cleavage |
C. Ordered atoms
|
|
|
Which is the hardest on the Mohs scale?
A. talc B. quartz C. diamond D. feldspar |
C. diamond
|
|
|
Which crystal system do halite crystals belong to?
A. Triclinic B. Hexagonal C. Monoclinic D. Cubic |
D. Cubic
|
