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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Matter
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Anything that has mass and takes up space.
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Atom
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Tiny building blocks of matter
(Protons, neutrons, electrons) |
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Element
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Substance that contains only one type of atom.
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Proton
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Positively charged particle located in the nucleus of an atom.
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Neutron
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Particle without an electric charge located in the nucleus of an atom.
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Electron
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Negatively charged particles that move around the nucleus of an atom and form a cloud.
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Atomic number
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The number of protons in an atom.
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Mass number
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The number of protons plus the number of neutrons in an atom.
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Isotope
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Atoms of the same element with a different number of NEUTRONS.
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Periodic table
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A table of the elements.
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Nucleus
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The center of an atom.
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How are isotopes of the same element different?
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They have a different number of NEUTRONS.
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Compound
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Matter that is composed of two or more elements.
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Ion
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Electrically charged atom - result of loss or gain of electrons.
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Mixture
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Two or more substances that retain their own properties when combined.
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Heterogenous mixture
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A mixture which is not mixed evenly.
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Homogenous mixture
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A mixture which is evenly mixed.
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Solution
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A mixture with one substance completely, evenly mixed into another.
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Chemical bond
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Forces that hold atoms in compounds together.
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Chemical property
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A property that describes a change that occurs when one substance reacts with another.
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Reactive atoms
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form bonds easily.
(Have 8 or less electrons.) |
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How do atoms combine to form compounds?
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Covalent bonds and Ionic bonds
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Covalent bond
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Atoms combined by sharing outer electrons.
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Molecule
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A group of atoms joined by covalent bonds.
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Can the components of a mixture be separated by physical means?
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YES
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How are the components of a compound separated?
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By chemical means.
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Which is easier to separate, a mixture or a compound?
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A mixture.
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Physical properties
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Properties that you can observe without changing a substance.
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Density
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The measure of the mass of an object divided its volume.
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What are the 4 states of matter?
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Solid
Liquid Gas Plasma |
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Chemical property
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Property that describes a change that occurs when one substance reacts with another.
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Solid
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Particles are fixed in position. Strongly attracted and resist separation.
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Liquid
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Particles are attracted but not fixed.
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Gases
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Particles move freely. Have enough energy to overcome any attractions to each other.
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Do chemical properties of a substance change when it changes state?
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NO
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Which of the following contain only one type of atom?
A compound B mixture C element D solution |
C Element
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Which of the following has a positive electric charge?
A electron B proton C neutron D atom |
B proton
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In an atom, what forms a cloud around the nucleus?
A electron B proton c neutron D positively charged particles |
A electrons
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A carbon atom has a mass number of 12. How many protons and neutrons does it have?
A 6,6 B 12,12 C 6,12 D12,6 |
A 6,6
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On Earth, oxygen exists as which of the following?
A solid B gas C liquid D plasma |
B gas
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Which of the following isotopes has seven neutrons?
A boron-12 B nitrogen-12 C carbon-14 D hydrogen-2 |
A boron-12
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Which type of bond occurs because of the polar molecules of water?
A ionic B covalent C metallic D hydrogen |
D hydrogen
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Which of the following are electrically charged?
A molecule B solution C isotope D ion |
D Ion
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What type of property is the color of your clothes?
A chemical B physical C isotopic D molecular |
B physical
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Which of the following is not a physical property of water?
A transparent B colorless C higher density than ice D changes to hydrogen & oxygen when electricity is passed through it |
D changes to oxygen & hydrogen when electicity is passed through it
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If an atom has no electric charge, what can be said about its number of protons and electrons.
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They are equal.
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