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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Definition of Glaucoma
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Increase intra-occular pressure
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In glaucoma, what is causing the increase in intraoccular pressure?
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Too much aqueous humor in either anterior or posterior chamber of eye
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What are the 3 ways to decrease the amount of aqueous humor in the eye?
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1) decrease aqueous humor synthesis
2) decrease aqueous humor secretion 3) increase the outflow of aqueous humor |
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What classes of drugs can we use to decrease aqueous humor synthesis?
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1) alpha-1 agonist
2) beta blockers |
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What classes of drugs can we use to decrease aqueous humor secretion?
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1) beta blockers
2) acetozolamide |
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What classes of drugs can we use to increase outflow of aqueous humor?
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1) Cholinergic
2) prostaglandin |
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In glaucoma:
Epinephrine MOA: S/E: |
MOA: alpha 1 agonist; decrease aq humor synthesis due to vasoconstriction
S/E: mydriasis, stinging |
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In glaucoma:
Brimonidine MOA: S/E: |
MOA: alpha-1 agonist; decrease aq humor synthesis
S/E: none in eyes |
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In glaucoma:
What are the 3 beta blockers used? MOA: S/E: |
Timolol, betaxolol, carterolol
MOA: decrease aqueous humor secretion S/E: none in eyes |
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In glaucoma:
Acetozolamide MOA: S/E |
MOA: inh carbonic anhydrase; dec secretion of aq humor
S/E: none in eyes |
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In glaucoma:
What cholinergic agonists can be used? MOA: S/E: |
Pilocarpine, carbachol, physostigmine, echothiophate
"PPCEL" MOA: contract ciliary muscle --> inc outflow of aq humor S/E: myosis, cyclopasm |
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In glaucoma:
What prostaglandin can be used? MOA: S/E: |
PGF-2 alpha (Latanaprost)
MOA: increase outflow of aq humor S/E: darken iris (browning), lengthens eyelashes |
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Which glaucoma drug should never be used in closed-angle glaucoma?
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Epiniphrine
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Which glaucoma drug causes mydriasis and stinging?
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Epi
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Which glaucoma drug causes miosis and cycloplasm?
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Cholinergic agonists (PPCEL)
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What is the DOC for a glaucoma emergency?
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Pilocarpine
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What is the DOC for chronic glaucoma?
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Physostigmine
("phYS for eYeS) |
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When the ciliary muscle contracts:
1) what happens to the lense? 2) is this to help see near or far? |
1) it bulges
2) to see near |
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What is another word for contraction of the ciliary muscle to bulge the lense, to see near?
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cycloplasm
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