Glaciers + Deserts Earthsci Test Mar07

Front 1

Bubble Rock!! Acadia Maine

It was the result of a glacier << concluded by The Father of Glaciology aka Louis Agassiz

Back 1

^^?
.....and how was it placed up there?!

Hint 1

L. A.

Front 2

How does snow become ice?

Back 2

packs together, b/c gravity, less and less % air

Hint 2

4 steps

Front 3

continental glacier aka ice sheets
--1 mill sq miles
--upsidedown bowl
--flows outward in all directions fr center

Back 3

^^?

Hint 3

flows outward in all directions fr center...

Front 4

ice shelf
--when a continental glacier reaches and spreads out over the ocean

Back 4

^^?

Hint 4

look at the pic

Front 5

iceland--Vatnajokull
ice cap

Back 5

^^?

Hint 5

iceland

Front 6

alpine/valley/mountain glacier
--confined to a valley
--ie Mt. Ranier

Back 6

^^?

Hint 6

3 diff names!
morraine stripes

Front 7

Piedmont glacier
--a valley glacier that reaches the valley floor and spreads out

Back 7

^^?

Hint 7

it peed everywhere

Front 8

tidewater glacier
--a valley glacier that ends in a lake or ocean

Back 8

^^?

Hint 8

it meets the tide

Front 9

snowline?

Back 9

elevation above which snow remains year round

Front 10

glacial movement--how?

Back 10

Gravity!! they move b/c their own weight
--sliding on meltwater layer on base above bedrock
--sliding is much faster than internal flow
--valley glacier--downhill, stakes..

Hint 10

sliding on what?
moves bc of what?

Front 11

crevasse
--a crack in the ice due to the uneven movement of a glacier
--only found to a depth of 165 ft, above the plastic flow

Back 11

^^?

Hint 11

due to ___ movement of a glacier
only found to a depth of ___ above ____

Front 12

cirque
--bowl-shaped depression at the head of a glacial valley

Back 12

^^?

Hint 12

at the head
b...shaped

Front 13

arete
--sharp edged ridge
--created when 2 cirques are located back to back

Back 13

^^?

Hint 13

ridge
starts w an "a"

Front 14

col
--an arete that takes on a saddle shape
--caused when 2 cirques begin to erode backwards and begin to connect

Back 14

^^?

Hint 14

saddle

Front 15

horn
--a pyramid shaped peak created by the presence of 3+ cirques

Back 15

^^?

Hint 15

pointy!

Front 16

Glacial valleys/troughs
--u-shaped
ie Doubtful Sound, NZ
**can have hanging valleys (waterfalls)
--on the sides: cirques w aretes and horns + tarns(pools of water) + pater noster lakes (leading into streams)
--v-shaped bf glaciation, fills w snow, then u

Back 16

^^?

Front 17

fjord
--flooded glacial valley

Back 17

^^?

Hint 17

starts w "F"

Front 18

nunatak
--a mtn peak that sticks out of a glacier

Back 18

^^?

Hint 18

it attacks fr within the glacier!!

Front 19

erratic

Back 19

any boulder moved by a glacier
ie bubble rock

Hint 19

ie bubble rock

Front 20

morraines

Back 20

-a mound, ridge, or other distinct accumulation of glacial till; often pushed
1.medial 2lateral 3 ground 4end (terminal and recessional)

Hint 20

till
4 types

Front 21

medial morraine
--form where glaciers join
--debris mostly on top of ice
--may b many in a very large glacier

Back 21

^^?

Hint 21

mm
join

Front 22

lateral morraine
--debris that accumulate along the sides of a glacier + deposit along these margins

Back 22

^^?

Front 23

ground moraine
--when a valley glacier melts completely away, the debris carried on or w/in it are dropped on the valley floor, creating a deposit--gr moraine
--has NO distinct morphology

Back 23

^^?

Hint 23

no distinct morphology

Front 24

end moraine
TERMINAL: marks the farthest forward progression of a glacier
RECESSIONAL: are created when a glacier ahs begun to recede, but then moves forward again w/o ever reaching its furthest point

Back 24

^^?

Front 25

ogives
--alternating bands of light (winter) and dark (summer) ice that form ridges and swales at the base of some falls

Back 25

^^?

Hint 25

light vs dark

Front 26

ablation hollows
--irregular features created in the surf of a glacier due to differences in wind and temp on the glacier's surf

Back 26

^^?

Front 27

cryoconites
--during the day the black rock absorbs heat and melts the glacial ice, causing the depression

Back 27

^^?

Hint 27

rock >>depression

Front 28

sun cups

Back 28

sun cups
--ablation hollows that develop during intense sunshine

Front 29

penitents
--due to extreme relief of ablation hollows found at most often high altitudes in the tropics
--they're created as a result of differential snow ice evap and sublimation rates
--spikes of snow <<resemble repetent souls

Back 29

^^?

Hint 29

repetent souls

Front 30

moulin
--a nearly vertical channel thats formed by flowing water
--if u fall in goodbye!

Back 30

^^?

Hint 30

channel like a mole

Front 31

rock/glacial flour
--rock that has been pulverized by the grinding of glaciers
glacial milk
--when rock flour mixes w water

Back 31

^^?

Front 32

striations
--lines made in rock by stones beneath the glacier scratching the rock's surf as the glacier moved
--they indicate the direction the glacier was moving

Back 32

^^?

Hint 32

scratching

Front 33

Grooves
--deep striations, made by rocks underneath the glacier

Back 33

^^?

Hint 33

deep s___'s

Front 34

chatter marks + crescentic gouges
--caused by short, abrupt movement

Back 34

^^?

Front 35

^^?

Back 35

Roche Montonnee (Sheepback)
--plucking on one side>rough (lee)
+ abrasion/ice polishes the other surf side

Hint 35

sheepback mtn

Front 36

^^?

Back 36

Drumlins
--gen grouped together
--lee slope is more gentle
--made of till

Hint 36

hills

Front 37

^^?

Back 37

Kame
--a cone shaped deposit of sediment, formed by a river flowing over the surf of a glacier into a crevasse

Front 38

Kame
--a cone shaped deposit of sediment, formed by a river flowing over the surf of a glacier into a crevasse

Back 38

^^?

Front 39

Eskers
--a winding ridge of sedm material (us. gravel or sand) deposited by streams that cut channels under or thru the glacier ice

Back 39

^^?

Hint 39

winding ridge

Front 40

till
--any material carreid by a glacier and dropped on land (unstratified)

Back 40

^^?

Front 41

stratified drift
--any material deposited by a glacier in water
--layers!!

Back 41

^^?

Hint 41

dep in wataaa

Front 42

varve
--couplets of sedm layers indicating cyclic deposion
--thick/light = sand/summer
thin/dark = clay/winter

Back 42

^^?

Hint 42

couplets

Front 43

outwash plains
--that area at the end of glacier where meltwater flows and deposits sediment

Back 43

^^?

Hint 43

at the end of a glacier

Front 44

Pater noster lakes
--our father, rosary beads
--a series of lakes connected by streams

Back 44

^^?

Hint 44

rosary beads

Front 45

moraine damned lake
--a glacial lake damned by a moraine

Back 45

^^?

Hint 45

damned

Front 46

kettle pond
--kettles that fill in w water
--icebergs get buried by outwash, then melt

Back 46

^^?

Hint 46

kettle pond

Front 47

kettle pond
--kettles that fill in w water
--icebergs get buried by outwash, then melt
ie walden pond

Back 47

^^?

Hint 47

kettle pond

Front 48

cirque lake aka tarn
--cirque fills in w water

Back 48

^^?

Hint 48

lake in a cirque

Front 49

calving
--when a glacier reaches the ocean or any large body of water and large pieces of the glacier break off

Back 49

^^?