Gkin - Health Benefits Of Physical Activity

Front 1

What is the #1 cause of avoidable mortality in the U.S.?

Back 1

tobacco

Front 2

Sources Contributing to Early Death Today

Back 2

lifestyle - more than half

healthcare - 10% of unnecessary deaths

heredity - 16%

Environment - 25%

Front 3

Hypokinetic Conditions

Back 3

Cardiovascular Disease

Diabetes

Cancer

Osteoporosis

Front 4

Leading Causes of Death

Back 4

Heart disease - 28.4%
Cancer - 22.8%
Stroke - 6.7%
Respiratory diseases - 5.1%
Injuries - 4.2%
Diabetes - 3%
Hypertension - 0.8%
Other - 29%

Front 5

Cardiovascular Disease

Back 5

Modifiable:

Sedentary Lifestyle
Hypertension
High Cholesterol
Tobacco Use
Diabetes
Obesity

Nonmodifiable:

Family History
Aging
Gender
Ethnicity

Front 6

Activity Reduces Coronary Heart Disease Risk

Back 6

It takes only a moderate amount of physical activity to reduce health risks of CHD

Front 7

Diabetes Mellitus

Back 7

Type I (juvenile onset, insulin-dependent)
Pancreas fails to produce insulin
Usual onset before age 30
About 5% of all diabetics are Type I

Type II (non-insulin dependent)
Once called adult onset, but there has been a rise in the prevalence in children
Lack of sensitivity to insulin and/or not enough insulin
Often caused by obesity
~95% of diabetics are Type II

Front 8

Lung cancer

Back 8

--Leading cause of cancer death.
--Chief risk factor = smoking. ETS causes about 3000 lung cancer deaths per year.
--Symptoms = persistant cough, chest pain
--Treatment = combination of surgery, radiation, chemotherapy
--Survival rate = 15% after five years

Front 9

Colon and rectal cancer

Back 9

--Second leading cause of cancer death
--Risk factors: age; preexisting polyps; heredity; inactivity and obesity; diets high in red meat, smoked foods, simple sugars; excessive alcohol consumption; smoking
--Symptoms: Bleeding from the rectum; change in bowel habits
-Testing: Stool blood test; sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy
--Treatment: Surgery is primary method of treatment

Front 10

Breast cancer

Back 10

--Most common cancer in women and second to lung cancer in the number of cancer deaths among women
--Causes/risk factors: heredity; long-term exposure to high blood levels of estrogen; early onset of menstruation; late onset of menopause; no children or first child after age 30; obesity; current use of HRT; alcohol use; inactivity; diet low in vegetables and fiber
--Early detection: Mammography (low-dose X ray) after age 40; clinical breast exams; breast awareness and self-examinations
--Diagnosis: Ultrasonography = imaging method using high-pitched sound; biopsy = removal and examination of a small piece of body tissue
--Treatment: Surgery (lumpectomy, mastectomy); Chemotherapy or radiation, social support

Front 11

Prostate cancer

Back 11

--Most common cancer in men and second to lung cancer in the number of cancer deaths among men
--Risk factors: age; ethnicity (African American ); heredity; lifestyle factors; diets high in calories, dairy products, and animal fat and low in plant foods; obesity; inactivity; history of STDs
--Detection and diagnosis: Rectal exam PSA (prostate-specific antigen) blood test, ultrasound, biopsy
--Treatment: Surgery, radioactive seeds
--Survival rate = 98% at 5 years

Front 12

Skin cancer

Back 12

--Most common type of cancer when cases of the highly curable forms are included
--Primary risk factor is exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation

Front 13

Testicular cancer

Back 13

--Rare overall, but most common cancer in men age 20–35 years. Can be detected with self-examination.

Front 14

Major warning signs of cancer

Back 14

C - Change in bowel or bladder habits
A - A sore that does not heal
U - Unusual bleeding or discharge
T - Thickening or lump in the breasts or elsewhere
I - Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
O - Obvious change in wart or mole
N - Nagging cough or hoarseness

Front 15

Percentage of All Cancer Deaths Linked to Risk Factors

Back 15

Tobacco and Diet and obesity are the greatest risk factors

Front 16

Osteoporosis

Back 16

Progressive loss of bone mineral density

Occurs commonly in old age

Occurs at an earlier age and more frequently in women than men

Factors associated with osteoporosis:

Physical inactivity
Loss of sex hormones
Low calcium levels
High protein intake
Smoking
Caffeine

Front 17

Osteoporosis - nutrition and exercise

Back 17

Nutrition:
Dietary factors that build bone mass: Calcium, vitamin D, vitamin K
Other possible dietary factors: vitamin C, magnesium, potassium, manganese, zinc, copper, boron
Dietary factors linked to loss of bone mass: Alcohol, sodium, caffeine, retinol, soda, protein (if intake of calcium and vitamin D is low)
Exercise:
Weight-bearing exercise and strength training also build and maintain bone mass

Front 18

Activity Reduces Risk of Osteoporosis

Back 18

Increases peak bone mass
Slows decline in bone mass
5 risk factors for osteoporosis:

-Being Caucasian or Asian
-Being shorter than 5’4”
-Weighing less than 127 pounds
-Being female
-Having a family history of osteoporosis