Git/pelvis/perineum

Front 1

The _____ aorta passes through the ____ ____ to become the _______ aorta and extends between the _____ vertebra levels

Back 1

thoracic, aortic hiatus
abdonminal
T11 – L4

Front 2

Abdominal aorta terminates at the aortic bifurcation by giving its two terminal branches:

Back 2

right and left common iliac arteries

Front 3

Branches of the aorta are classified as

Back 3

unpaired and paired branches

Front 4

Left gastric artery contains
______ branches

Back 4

esophageal

Front 5

Splenic (____ artery) contains:
____ _____
____ _____
_____ branches
____ ________ artery

Back 5

lienal

Short gastric aa
Posterior gastric
Pancreatic branches
Left gastroepiploic artery

Front 6

Common hepatic artery
2 main branches:

Back 6

common hepatic and gastroduodenal

Front 7

Gastroduodenal artery gives off the :
______ artery and the ______ artery

Back 7

Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
Right gastroepiploic artery

Front 8

Proper hepatic artery gives off the:
______ artery and the ____ artery

Back 8

Right gastric artery
Right and left hepatic aa

Front 9

Superior mesenteric artery
______ branches
______ branches
-_______ artery-
-______ and _______ aa
-_________ artery
_____colic artery
_____ colic artery

Back 9

Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
Jejunal branches
Ileal branches
Ileocolic artery
Anterior and posterior caecal aa
Appendicular artery
Right colic artery
Middle colic artery

Front 10

Inferior mesenteric artery
-
-
-

Back 10

Left colic artery
Sigmoid aa
Superior rectal artery

Front 11

Passes through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm to enter into the abdomen
Abdominal part is short and terminates by continuing with the ____ _____ formed of:

Back 11

cardiac orifice
inner circular and outer longitudinal muscles

Front 12

Esophague
Has narrowings at three sites
Its first part where _____ continues with the esophagus (_____ part)
As it crosses the ____ ____
As it passes the ______

Back 12

pharynx
aortic arch
diaphragm

Front 13

Esophagus
Arteries:
veins:
Lymphatics:
Innervation:

Back 13

Arteries
Left gastric artery and left inferior phrenic artery
Veins
Left gastric vein which drains into the portal system
Lymphatics
Drain into the left gastric lymph nodes which in turn drains into the celiac lymph nodes
Innervation
Vagal trunks (right and left vagus along the course of thoracic esophagus),thoracic sympathetic trunks, greater and lesser splanchnic nerves and the esophageal nerve plexus

Front 14

Esophageal varices
Commonly seen in cases of _____ ______ (usually as a result of _____)
Veins of the ____ ____ of esophagus enlarges and become varicose
May rupture and lead to severe bleeding

Back 14

portal hypertention
cirrhosis
lower part

Front 15

Esophageal cancer

Usually the first symptom is difficulty in _____ (______)

Back 15

swallowing, dysphagia

Front 16

Fundus
Dilated superior part that is related to the left dome of diaphragm

Dilated superior part that is related to the left dome of diaphragm

Back 16

Fundus

Front 17

Wide part of pylorus:

Back 17

pyloric antrum

Front 18

Lesser curvature
The short concave upper (or right) border- ____ ____indicates the border between the body and the pyloric part
Part of the ____ _____ (________ ligament) attaches here

Back 18

annular notch
lesser omentum
hepatogastric ligament

Front 19

Greater curvature
attachment of:

Back 19

Greater omentum attaches here

Front 20

Interior of the stomach
Muscles form elevations on the interior surface
The longitudinal ridges are called the ____ _____ or _____

Back 20

gastric folds or rugae

Front 21

Along the lesser curvature, between the longitudinal folds there is an area with smooth surface, called the : _____ ____ which is the passageway for : _____

Back 21

gastric canal, which is the passageway for fluids

Front 22

Part of the stomach and/or intestine herniate through a large posterolateral defect (foramen of _______) in the diaphragm

mortality high due to:

Back 22

Bochdalek
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
The lungs (especially the left) does not have room to develop, therefore mortality is high due to pulmonary hypoplasia

Front 23

Celiac trunk supplies the: _____ _____, ______ , and ______ (____ to the ______) ______, _____ and ______ and _____

Back 23

abdominal esophagus, stomach, duodenum, superior to the major duodenal papilla), liver gallbladder, and pancreas , spleen

Front 24

Midgut supplied by the ____ ____. begins just _____ to _____, supplying the rest of the _____, as well as the ____, ____, _____, ____ ____ and __ of the transverse

Back 24

superior mesenteric artery
inferior to the major duodenal papilla, rest of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, and right-two thirds of the transverse colon

Front 25

The hindgut begins just before the ____ ____ flexure -junction between proximal ____ and distal ____ of _______. and ends ______

Back 25

left colic flexure
proximal two thirds
distal one third
midway through the anal canal

Front 26

Hindgut includes:

supplied by:

Back 26

left 1/3 of transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, upper part of anal canal
inferior mesenteric artery

Front 27

Smallest branch of celiac trunk :

Back 27

left gastric

Front 28

Largest branch of celiac trunk:
"tortuous" course to the ____
along the:
TRAVELS IN THE: _____ till it divides upon entry to the:
______
Supplies ____, _____, and _____ of pancreas

Back 28

spleenic
left
superior border of the pancreas
splenorenal ligament- hilum of the spleen
neck, body and tail

Front 29

Approaching the spleen, the spleenic artery gives off ___ ___ arteries which pass through the ______ ligament to supply the ____. also gives off

Back 29

short gastric
gastrosplenic ligament
fundus
left gastro-omental artery

Front 30

Upper border of the superior part of duodenum-- _______ artery gives off the ________ artery
Lower border of superior part of the duodenum-- ______ artery gives off the ______ artery

Back 30

gastroduodenal-posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal
gastroduodenal- anterior superior pacreaticoduodenal arteries

Front 31

Terminal branches of gastroduodenal:

Back 31

right gastro-omental artery and the anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery

Front 32

Right-gastroomental artery sends branches to ______ surfaces of the stomach. additional branches desend to:

Back 32

both.
greater omentum

Front 33

Artery supply to head of pancreas and duodenum:
______ and anastomose with

Back 33

anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery with posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries

Front 34

Upper part of L1 ___ emerges
lower part____

Back 34

celiac trunk
superior mesenteric

Front 35

Superior mesenteric trunk crossed anteriorly by the:
posterior to the artery are the:

Back 35

spleenic vein and the neck of the pancreas
left renal vein, the uccinate process of the pancreas, and the inferior part of the duodenum

Front 36

First branch of superior mesenteric:
then branching on left?

Back 36

inferior pancreaticoduodenal
jejunal, ileal,
middle colic
right colic
ileocolic

Front 37

Arterial arcades increase _____ along the gut.

Back 37

distally

Front 38

Extending from terminal arcades are ____ _____ (_____ arteries) which provide the ____ _____ ____ supply to the walls of the small intestine (seen in the ____)

Back 38

vasa recta--straight
final direct arterial
mesentery

Front 39

Middle colic artery arises beneath the ____ enters the ____ _____ and divides into ____ and ____ branches.
left anastomoses with ____ branch of:

Back 39

pancreas
transverse mesocolon
right and left
left colic-inf. mesenteric

Front 40

Ileocolic-- divides into ___, ___, ____, and _____ branches.

Back 40

colic, cecal, appendicular and ileal.

Front 41

The portal vein is the final common pathway for the transport of _____ _____ from the ____, ____, _____, and the abdominal part of the GIT. Formed by union of ____ and the ______, _____ to the ___ of the pancreas at level of :

Back 41

venous blood
spleen, pancreas, gallbladder
spleenic, superior mesenteric posteriorly neck LII

Front 42

Portal vein passes to _____ to the superior duodenum and enters the ____ margin of the ____. It is anterior to the _____ ____ and posterior to both the ____ ____ on its right and ____ ___ ____ on its left

Back 42

posterior-right margin of lesser omental foramen
bile duct
hepatic artery proper

Front 43

(Streams) Tributaries that flow into the portal vein include:

Back 43

right and left gastric
cystic
paraumbilical

Front 44

Portal vein---> divides to ____ and ____ ____ ____ which enter ____ _____

Back 44

right and left hepatic veins
liver parenchyma for filtration