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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Another name for line thickness...
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Line weight
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Why would you need different weights for lines?
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To define importance or to create contrast. Maps of all one line weight are boring.
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The ability to see relationships among elements is...
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Creativity
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Thinking by incorporating visual images into thought....
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Visualization
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Data Exploration
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Allows a researcher to examine the general trends in the data, to take a close look at data subsets, and to focus on possible relationships between data sets (maps, graphs and tables)
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What are the 3 statistical goals?
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1) To summarize observations
2) To describe relationships between two variables 3) To make inferences, both estimations and tests of significance |
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Proportion and percentage
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exe. .66=proportion, 66% = percentage
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Frequency distributions
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An ordered array that shows the frequency of occurrence of each value
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Ethics in Cartography
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1) Straightforward agenda
2) Try to know the map reader 3) Do not lie with data 4) Show relevant data 5) Should not be discarded if contrary to your views 6) Avoid plagiarizing |
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Common Vector Analysis Tasks
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Buffers, Overlay, Distance measurement, Pattern analysis, map manipulation (dissolve, clip, append, eliminate, update, erase, split)
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Buffers
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Create a buffer sone around features (points, lines or polygons)
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Dissolve
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Merge buffers
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Overlay
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Method of combining both the attributes and features of multiple layers (What is on top of what? Roads inside national parks, wells on private property...)
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Types of Overlay:
Union, Intersect, Identity, Symmetrical Difference |
Union: All input features
Intersect: Features common to all input layers Identity: Input features are split by overlay features Symmetrical Difference: Features common to either input, but not both |
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Neighborhood operations
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In raster analysis, involves a focal cell and a set of its surrounding cells. The surrounding cells are chosen for their distance and/or directional relationship to the focal cell
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Zonal Operations
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In raster analysis, works with groups of cells of the same values or like features. May work with a single or two rasters
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Aggregate operation
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Creates a lower-resolution raster from the input. (takes 16 pixels and finds 4 means)
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What is a network?
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Its made up of interconnected features (lines and junctions). Each feature must have attributes that tell the computer how things flow through the features (link impedance, speed limits, turns, direction)
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Undirected Network
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The resource moving across the network is free to choose which direction it will take. (Transportation-roads, railroads)
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Directed Network
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The route of the resource being transported by the network is predetermined (Utilities-water, sewer)
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Link Impedance
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The cost of traveling along an edge (based on time of day, direction of travel)
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Turn Impedance
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Time it takes to transition from one link segment to another link segment. Can only take place at junctions. Direction in primary control (left turns take longer than right turns, "turning straight" is shortest). Values stored in turn table
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Shortest path analysis
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Finds shortest distance based on impedance to the nearest facility
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Routing
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Shortest distance to multiple stops
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Benefits of being a member of professional Organizations:
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Employment opportunities, resume building, continuing education, certification programs, political action, current affairs
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Cloud Computing
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The off-site storage of data. Where multiple devices can access it.
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VGI
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Volunteer Geographic Information: geotagged photos, blog (updated by anyone from mobile phones, gps units, and tablet computers)
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