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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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PPIs have been conclusively shown to be superior to either H2 antagonists or antacids in providing symptomatic relief for heartburn.
True or False? |
False
(although they are particularly useful for the treatment of ZE syndrome and GERD) |
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What drug causes blackening of the stool and tongue?
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Bismuth subsalicylate
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Which protective agent in the treatment of ulcers can cause constipation?
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Sucralfate
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Which treatment of peptic ulcer disease is contraindicated in pregnancy?
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Misoprostol (PGE1 replacement)
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What is the mechanism of action of misoprostol?
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PGE1 analogue, less involved in inflammation, thus only locally blocks the action of NSAIDs on the stomach
Reduces histamine-stimulated cAMP production, decreasing acid secretion and stimulating mucous and bicarbonate secretion |
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Regarding the treatment of peptic ulcer disease, which two treatments require an acid environment?
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Sucralfate and PPIs
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Which antacid is absorbed systemically and can affect urine pH?
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NaHCO3
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Antacids can interfere with the efficacy of which antimicrobial therapy used in the treatment of PUD?
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Antacids chelate tetracycline
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Why is clarithromycin used instead of azithromycin in the treatment of PUD?
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It has a lower MIC90 and is more acid stable
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How should tetracycline be administered to treat PUD and what are the toxicities?
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It should be given with food (opposite of normal recommendations)
Photosensitivity and brown teeth (don't use in pregnancy!) |
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Which drug used to treat PUD potentiates the anticoagulant effect of warfarin?
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Metronidazole
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Which PUD treatment works especially well at preventing gastric acid secretion at night?
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Cimetidine
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How should PPIs be administered?
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Empty stomach, 0.5-1 hour before a meal (in order activate pumps)
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How is gastric absorption of a weak acid (ASA, warfarin, phenytoin) affected while taking a PPI?
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Gastric absorption is decreased because the PPI raises gastric pH
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How is urinary excretion of a weak acid (ASA, warfarin, phenytoin) affected while taking NaHCO3?
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Excretion is increased
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Which cathartic medication reduces plasma ammonia concentrations?
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Lactulose
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What are the major toxicities of osmotic laxatives?
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Intravascular volume depletion and electrolyte imbalance (K+)
Contraindicated for the frail, elderly, renal insufficient, cardiac disease |
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What is the treatment for chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting?
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NK1 + 5HT3 antagonist + dexamethasone
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