Gi: Small Intestin From Leonard

Front 1

What are some of the major epithelial cells of the mucosa?

Back 1

panneth cells, goblet cells, endocrine cells, and regenarative cells

Front 2

what are 3 functions of the small intestine?

Back 2

absorb, protect, and digest

Front 3

what kind of pain presents within the intestine in general?

Back 3

colicky

Front 4

what is the diff between atresia and stenosis?

Back 4

atresia is complete occlusion of the lumen and stenosis is partial/narrow of the lumen.

Front 5

what is meconium Ileus?

Back 5

blockage of the intestine in a neonate from meconium.

Front 6

what disease in meconium ileum associated with?

Back 6

CF

Front 7

What is meckel diverticulumn?

Back 7

the presense of the vitaline duct in an infant (about 2 yrs old)

Front 8

what is the rules of 2 that go along with meckel diverticulumn? (5 2's)

Back 8

2% population
2 yo
2 in long
2 feet within the ileocecal valve
2% are sym

Front 9

What is choristoma?

Back 9

finding normal endogenous tissue in the wrong places

Front 10

what can diverticulitis, hemorages, and perforations appear to be or have sx of?

Back 10

appendicitis

Front 11

what types of bacteria are in the small intestine? aerobic or anaerobic?

Back 11

aerobic

Front 12

A transmural bowel ischemia results in what?

Back 12

necrosis of the full thickness of the bowel.

Front 13

A mural bowel ishemia results in what?

Back 13

partial thickness necrosis

Front 14

what can cause transmural infarct in the small bowel?

Back 14

thromboembolism of large arteries

Front 15

what can cause a mural infrarct in the small bowel?

Back 15

hypoperfusion and reperfusion injury.

Front 16

what are some signs of bowel ischemia?

Back 16

bloody diarrhea, intense pain, and ileus (absence of bowel sounds)

Front 17

what is the most common casue of obstructuon in the small bowel

Back 17

adhesions

Front 18

what is the most common cause of small bowel obstructions in a newborn?

Back 18

duodenal atresia

Front 19

what are some causes of obstructions in the small bowel?

Back 19

chrons, IBD, adhesions, hernia (inguinal), volvulus (twist of the bowel), duodenal atresia (new born), intussiception (teloscoping bowel)

Front 20

what serious problem is intussiseption associated with?

Back 20

masses in the wall of the bowel

Front 21

what does small bowel bacterial overgrowth lead to? (SBBO)

Back 21

predisposes stasis and malabsorbtion.

Front 22

Can SBBO lead to bile salt deconjugation?

How

Back 22

yes, the bacteria in the gut deconjugate it so it cannot form mycells. leads to decrease lipid absorbtion

Front 23

how do you tx SBBO?

Back 23

BSA

Front 24

what is short bowel syndrome? (SBS)

Back 24

this is removal of a significant portion of the bowel leaving less than 1/3 of the bowel

Front 25

what can SBS lead to?

Back 25

malabsorbtion because of the decrease in surface area and SBBO (this is because of the removal of the Ileocecal valve)

Front 26

if you have a defect in the mucosal brush border, what enzyme are you probably deficent in?

Back 26

lactase def

Front 27

if a child has explosive osmotic diarrhea you should think of

Back 27

lactase def

Front 28

abetalipoproteinemia is a defect in what

Back 28

a defect in the transport of apoprotein B from enterocytes

Front 29

what can abetalipoproteinemia result in?

Back 29

inability to prob chylomicrons

Front 30

How was a child present with abetalipoproteinemia?

Back 30

fail to thrive, steatorrhea, and diarrhea

Front 31

What is celiac disease?

Back 31

gluten sensitivity

Front 32

How would the small bowel present with ciliac disease?

Back 32

flattened mucousa/villious blunting

Front 33

celiac disease is associated with what HLA's?

Back 33

HLA-B8, DR8, DQ2

Front 34

what autoimmune disorder is celiac disease often associated with?

Back 34

dermatitis herpatiformis

Front 35

how does dermatitis herpatiformis present?

Back 35

chronisc blistering of the skin

Front 36

what antibody medieates the response to gluten in celiac disease?

Back 36

IgA

Front 37

what AB will be elevated in celiac disease?

Back 37

IgA

Front 38

what specific type of IgA attacks/is the reason for the hypersensitive gluten response?

Back 38

Anti-tissue transglutaminase (tTG) IgA

Front 39

what part of the small bowel is most affected by celiac disease?

Back 39

the proximal jejunum

Front 40

what type of T-cell has the biggest role in celiac disease?

Back 40

CD8 (but both CD4 and 8 are involved)

Front 41

what is the tx for celiac disease?

Back 41

gluten free diet (life long)

Front 42

What does it mean that celiac disease is associated with some HLA genes?

Back 42

genetic component

Front 43

What is whipples disease?

Back 43

this is an infection from T. whippelii that results in malabsorbtion

Front 44

What is the pathology behind whipples disease?

Back 44

gets into macrophages and they cannot deystroy them. results in clogged lacteals.

Front 45

describe T. Whippelii and what is it associated with?

Back 45

Gram + rod that is assocaited/cause of whipples disease

Front 46

would someone with whipples disease present with steatorrhea?

Back 46

yes, blocked lacteals

Front 47

How would someone with whipples disease present?

Back 47

systemic inllness, fever, skin hyperpigmentation, lymphadenopathy

Front 48

what is the tx for whipples disease?

Back 48

abx

Front 49

What is tropic sprue?

Back 49

Bacterial infection of the small bowel that occurs in the tropics

Front 50

what pathology woudl you see with tropic sprue?

Back 50

variable villious atrophy (

Front 51

does tropic sprue affect the whole small bowel/

Back 51

yes, but you see variable villous atrophy

Front 52

what is the clinical feature of tropical sprue?

Back 52

malabsorbtion following acute diarrhea

Front 53

what are the 4 benign small bowel tumors?

Back 53

adenoma, peutz-jehgar pollps, lipomas, leiomyomas

Front 54

what tumor tends to be periampullary?

Back 54

smal lintestin adenoma

Front 55

what tumor tends to be autosomal dom and appear as intestinal harmatominous polyps?

Back 55

peutz-jehger polyps

Front 56

if someone presents with a puetz-jehger polyp, what are they at increased risk for?

Back 56

cancer in the breast, pancreas, and testies

Front 57

what is the most common small bowel malignance?

Back 57

adenocarcinoma

Front 58

what is small bowel adenocarcinoma associated with?

Back 58

crohns, celiac disease

Front 59

what is the 5 yr survival rate for adenocarcinoma?

Back 59

<20%

Front 60

what is the second most common small bowel neoplasm?

Back 60

lymphoma