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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What makes you growl?
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A contracting empty stomach with acids make a vibration
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Transports food from pharynx to stomach
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esophagus
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What composes the mucosa of the esophagus?
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Stratified Sq epi
The lamina propia has esophageal cardiac glands near the stomach Muscularis mucosa may be discontinuous |
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what 2 regions contain submucosal glands?
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duodenum and esophagus
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Describe the muscularis externa layers of the esophagus.
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Skeletal muscle in superior end (1st inch)
sk and sm in midportion (2nd inch) smooth mm near the inferior end |
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DEscribe the adventia and serosa of the esophagus
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Adventia: thoracic portion
Serosa: abdominal portion |
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Zenkers Diverticula is caused by what? What is another name for this condition?
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weak area of muscle wall at the killians triangle
AKA pharyngoesophageal diverticula |
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Tear in inner lining of esophagus near esophageal-cardiac junction
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Mallory-weiss tear
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An abrupt change from stratified squamous to columnar?
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Gastro-esophageal junction
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Functions of the stomach?
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digestion of CHO
Chyme add acid fluid pepsin to break down proteins produe gastric lipase |
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2 criteria to distinguish regions of the stomach?
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Gastric glands
Gastric pits |
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These glands are coiled with a wide lumen and have shallow pits. Mostly mucous cells.
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Cardia
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Short wide pits
Long glands Lots of chief cells |
Fundus
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Shallow branched glands with med-deep coiled pits and lots of mucous cells
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pylorus
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The stomach mucosa is made of what?
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simple columnar epithelium
invaginates into LP to make gastric pits* |
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gastric glands are found in what stomach layer?
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Lamina propria
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Patient is diagnosed with an ulcer. What stomach layer has been penetrated?
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Muscularis mucosa
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alkaline mucous is secreted from what?
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surface mucous cells
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Describe undifferentiated stem cells in the stomach?
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-low columnar shaped with oval nuclei
-base of gastric pits -differentiate into surface mucous cells or gastric cells |
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These cells in the stomach mucosa are pale staining and occur in clusters. they secrete soluble acidic mucous that mixes with chyme and lubricates it.
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mucous neck cells
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Large and round pick cells with a central nuclei that secrete gastrin intrinsic factor and H and Cl
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Parietal cells
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DArk small cells mainly at base of gastric glands. These secret gastric lipase and pepsinogen
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Chief cells(zymogen)
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(gastro)enteroendocrine cells are what?
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Cells in the stomach mucosa that secret hormone like substances in the enteric canal
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What is an important enterchromaffin tumor in stomach?
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most important arises from G-cells of teh antrum. Lacking stomach acid will give a person G-cell hyperplasia.
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This has a submucosa core!?
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Rugae-folds seen when stomach is empty
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What is special about the Muscularis externa portion of the stomach?
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there are 3 layers of muscle.
IO MC OL |
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Which muscle layer forms the pyloric sphincter and controls the passage of chyme?
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Middle circular layer
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Taking too much aspirin can cause a sore in the gastric mucosa. this is known as what?
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An ulcer
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What adenocarcinoma is predominant in japan of the stomach?
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Linitis plastica
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What intruder lives on the edge of the epithelium?
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H Pylori
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