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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Salivary alpha-amylase activated by
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Chloride
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Lingual lipase cleaves
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Triglycerides
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Pepsin activated by
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Hydrochloric acid
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Pepsin cleaves
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Peptide bonds adjacent to aromatic amino acids
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Gastric lipase cleaves
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Triglycerides
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Saliva contents
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Water
Bicarb Alpha-amylase Mucins Lysozyme Lipase Lactoferrin IgA Growth factors |
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Acinar cells of salivary glands
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Release proteins + mucous by exocytosis
Secrete Cl-, HCO3- Secrete K+ |
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Ductular cells of salivary glands
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Active transport: Na+ + Cl- in and K+ out
At low flow rate, fast reabsorbition (saliva hypotonic) |
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Parietal cells of stomach secrete
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Hydrochloric acid
Intrinsic factor |
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Chief cells of stomach
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Pepsinogen
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Mechanisms of HCl secretion from parietal cells
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Ach acts on M3 receptors
Enteric nervous system stimulates ECl (histamine rel) Gastrin stimulates ECl + parietal cells |
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Secretin released from
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Wall of duodenum in response to acid
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Cholecystokinin released from
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Wall of duodenum in response to fats + aa
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Secretin function
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Causes secretion of pancreatic fluid + bicarb
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Cholecystokinin function
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Causes secretion of enzymes from pancreas
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Enteropeptidase cleaves
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Trypsinogen
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Trypsin cleaves
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Chymotrypsinogens
Proelastase Procarboxypeptidases |
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Enteropeptidase secreted by
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Crypts of Lieberkuhn of intestinal cells
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Premonitory signs of vomiting
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Wide pupils
Pallor Nausea Salivation Perspiration |
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Enterochromaffin-like cells
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Release histamine in response to gastrin or Ach
In the intestinal mucosa |
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Histamine blockers
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Ranitidine
Famotidine Cimetidine |
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G cell stimulation
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By vagus nerve release of gastrin releasing peptide
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Atropine mechanism
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Blocks M3 receptors on parietal cells
Does not block action of GRP = partial block of acid sec |
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Somatostatin
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Inhibits HCl secretion of parietal cells by inhibiting AC
Inhibits release of histamine + gastrin |
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Secretin
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Inhibits gastrin release
Reduces response of parietal cells to secretory stim |
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Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide + VasoIntPep
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Inhibit parietal cell acid secretion
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Cholecystokinin
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Inhibits gastric emptying
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Prostaglandins
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Inhibit HCl secretion by inhibiting AC of parietal cells
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Intrinsic factor
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Secreted by parietal cells
Essential for B-12 absorption |
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Gastritis
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Impaired intraluminal secretions
Achlorhydria and B-12 anemia |
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Alkaline tide
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Rise in blood pH following HCO3- reabsorption
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H/K-ATPase
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Pumps 1 K into cell for 1 H ion into gastric lumen
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Proton pump inhibitors
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Omeprazole
Panoprazole |
