Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
which cells secrete pepsinogen?
|
Chief cells of the stomach
|
|
|
where does Gastrin come from?
|
from G cells in the antrum and from the pancreas
|
|
|
where are secretin & cholecystokinin secreted from?
|
The intestines
|
|
|
what are some signs of gastritis?
|
Hematemesis, bloody nasogastric aspirate
Abdominal tenderness Bloating Emesis |
|
|
what is the gold standard test for gastritis?
|
Endoscopy
|
|
|
What's the definition of PUD
|
Break in the duodenal or gastric mucosa extending through the musularis mucosae
|
|
|
what is Zollinger-Ellison (ZE) Syndrome and what causes it
|
considered a form of PUD and is caused by gastrin-releasing islet cell tumors (gastrinomas)
|
|
|
which 2 substances participate in the pathogenesis of PUD?
|
gastric acid and Pepsin
|
|
|
the symptoms of which peptic ulcer are relieved by food?
|
Duodenal Ulcer; Gastric ulcers symptoms are worsened by food
|
|
|
what causes PUD?
|
H. Pylory #1 cause
NSAIDs #2 cause |
|
|
Name some systemic diseases that make you prone to PUD
|
COPD, Renal failure, Liver cirrhosis
These patients should be started on H2 blockers |
|
|
how is H.Pylori diagnosed?
|
Upper endoscopy
Serological tests Fecal Antigen Assay Urea Breath test |
|
|
what is considered the gold standard diagnostic test for H.Pylori?
|
Histologic identification of the organisms
|
|
|
When would you suspect ZE syndrome?
|
Multiple or recurring duodenal ulcers
Ulcers associated with diarrhea Elevated serum gastrin levels |
|
|
#1 cause of occult blood loss
|
Neoplasms
|
|
|
Adult anemia is secondary to GI bleeding until proven otherwise
GI bleeding is secondary to cancer until proven otherwise |
Adult anemia is secondary to GI bleeding until proven otherwise
GI bleeding is secondary to cancer until proven otherwise |
|
|
T/F Upper GI bleed is 4x more common than lower GI bleed
|
TRUE
|
|
|
Name some causes of upper GI bleed
|
PUD
Portal HTN Mallory Weiss Vascular abn Gastric Neoplasms |
|
|
Name some causes of lower GI bleed in pts under 50 y/o
|
Infectious colitis
Anorectal ds Inflammatory bowel ds |
|
|
Name some causes of lower GI bleed in pts over 50 y/o
|
Diverticulosis
Vascular ectasias Malignancy ischemia |
|
|
which labs should you order if you suspect GI bleed?
|
CBC
PT/PTT Electrolytes/BUN/creatinine Blood Type and Cross match CXR/ AXR |
|
|
which test should you perform in all patients >40-45 yo c/ + guiaic or Fe+ deficiency anemia
|
Colonoscopy
|
|
|
how do you manage Upper GI bleeds
|
administer Octeotride to decrease portal HTN until source can be ID’d by endoscopy
|
|
|
what type of bleed would you see with hemorrhoidal bleeding
|
intermitent minor hematochezia
|
|
|
What is the function of Secretin?
|
stimulates the secretion of bicarbonate from the liver, pancreas, and duodenal Brunner's glands in order to buffer the incoming protons of the acidic chyme.
|
|
|
What is the function of gastrin?
|
stimulates secretion of gastric acid by the parietal cells of the stomach
|
|
|
Name some examples of H2 blockers
|
cimetidine (Tagamet)
ranitidine (Zantac) famotidine (Pepcid) nizatidine (Axid, Tazac) |
|
|
Name examples of PPIs
|
Omeprazole- Prilosec
Esomeprazole- Nexium Lanzoprazole- Prevacid Pantoprazole- Protonix Rabeprazole- Rabecid |
