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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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H2 blockers all end in? What does blocking histamine H2 receptors do?
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"-dine" i.e. Cimetidine, Rantidine, Famotidine, Nizatidine.
Results in decreasing H+ secretion by parietal cells. |
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What toxicities are associated with Cimetidine?
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1. P-450 Inhibitor
2. Antiandrogenic: prolactin released, gynecomastia, impotence, decreased male libido. 3. Cross BBB: confusion, dizziness, headaches; also crosses placenta |
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How do Omeprazole and Lansoprazole work?
Use? |
Irreversible inhibition of the H+/K+-ATPase in parietal cells = proton pump inhibitors.
Peptic ulcer, gastritis, esophageal reflux, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (gastrinoma). |
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Misoprostol is a PG? analog. How does it work to prevent NSAID-induced peptic ulcers?
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PGE1 analog that increases the production and secretion of gastric mucous barrier, and decreases acid production.
Note: also used for preventing PDA closure and use to induce labor (abortifacient). |
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Octreotide is an analog of what GI hormone? What is it's uses?
Toxicity? |
Somatostatin analog.
Clinical: acute variceal bleeds, acromegaly, VIPoma, and carcinoid tumors Toxicity: nausea, cramps, steatorrhea |
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Antacid: Aluminum hydroxide can cause what kind of problem?
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1. Constipation and Hypophosphatemia
2. Proximal muscle weakness, osteodystrophy, seizures 3. Hypokalemia (all antacids) |
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Antacid: Magnesium hydroxide can cause what kind of problem?
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Diarrhea (Mg= "Must go" to bathroom), Hyporeflexia and tension, cardiac arrest
Hypokalemia (all antacids) |
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Antacid: Calcium carbonate can cause what kind of problem?
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Hypercalcemia resulting in rebound acid increase.
Hypokalemia (all antacids) |
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What monoclonal antibody can be used for Crohn's disease and rheumatoid arthritis?
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Infliximab (Ab to TNF "Inflix pain on TNF"; TNF is proinflammatory)
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Infliximab has what toxicities?
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Respiratory infection including the reactivation of TB.
Fever, hypotension |
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What drug is a combination of sulfapyridine and 5-aminosalicyclic acid (5-ASA)? What actions do the components have? What is this drug useful to treat?
What is required that restricts it's use to the colon? |
Sulasalazine
Sulfa = antibacterial ASA= anti-inflammatory Tx: UC and Crohn's Dz Must be activated by colonic bacteria, so is useless in the small intestines. |
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How does Oldansetron (granisetron, dolasetron) work?
Tox? |
5-HT3 antagonists; powerful central-acting antiemetics. This is good for
1. post-op vomiting 2. pt's undergoing chemo Tox: constipation, headache |
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How does Metoclopramide work?
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D2-R antagonist--> increases resting tone, contractility, LES tone, and motility, making it prokinetic.
Use: diabetic and post-surgery gastroparesis |
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What toxic effects are associated with Metoclopramide?
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Increased parkinsonian effects.
Restlessness, drowsiness, fatigue, depression, nausea and diarrhea. Drug interaction with digoxin and diabetic agents. Contraindication: pt w/small bowel obstructrion |
