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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Type III Atresia of SI
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blind pouches with no attachment
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Atreasia of SI: like type III’s, but have a v-shaped mesenteric defect.
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Type IV
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Failure of intestines to return to abdominal wall at 10-11 weeks; enclosed herniation from umbilical stump
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Omphaloceal
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Nonenclosed paraumbilical defect
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Gastroschisis
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Persistent viteline duct usually involving ilium.
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Meckel's Diverticula (may contain gastric mucosa or pancreatic tissue (most common); may cause intussusception)
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Mesenteric Diverticula
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congenital defect in muscular wall
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Heterotopic pancreas tissue MC in what part of GI tract?
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duodenum (least in jejunum); usually without islets
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May act as a lead point for intussusception
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Heterotpic pancreatic tissue
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One portion of the small bowel becomes telescoped into a distal portion and is propelled forward by peristalsis.
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Intussusception (MC in kids)
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MC place for a volvulus to occur in the GI tract
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Sigmoid, then cecum, then small bowel
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DIfference between arterial and venous occulsions of a Transmural Infarction (Acute)
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Arterial occlusions usually have sharp borders while those caused by venous occlusion fade into normal mucosa
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Part of GI tract most susceptible to a transmural infarction (acute)
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The splenic flexure is most susceptible: it is a “watershed,” between portions of the bowel fed by the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries. It is often hypo-perfused during episodes of shock, or hemodynamic compromise
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Usual cause of chronic or low grade infarction of ischemic bowel disease
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mostly venous cause (atrophic changes and fibrous scarring of the lamina propria develop with rare stricture formation
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SB ischemia where Mucosal infarcted, but muscular wall and serosa are not; due to nonocclusive hypoperfusion (sepsis, shock, heart failure)
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Hemorrhagic Gastroenteropathy
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the alcohol-soluble portion of gluten
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Gliadin
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Gliadin peptides induce some epithelial cells to produce ____ in Celiac sprue
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IL-15
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Genetic susceptibility to Celiac sprue
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HLA DQ2 and DQ8
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Dermatitis herpetiformis correlated with this disease
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Celiac sprue
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Increased incidence of what cancers in Celiac sprue?
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T-cell lymphoma and small bowel adenocarcinoma
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mucosa flat, villi lost (profound loss of absorptive surface), with infiltration of lymphocyte (CD8+).
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Celiac sprue
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Tropical sprue may be related to what?
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ETEC, cyclospora
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Type of anemia assoc with Tropical Sprue
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Megaloblastic (folate and/or B12 <)
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> breath H2
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Lactase Def
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Individual cannot secrete triglyceride rich lipoproteins.
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Abetalipoproteinemia
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Leads to vitamin deficiency and membrane defects (burr RBCs) due to inability to absorb fats
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Abetalipoproteinemia
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Rx for Abetalipoproteinemia
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Avoid dietary fat; massive Vit E supplements
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MC neoplasms of small bowel
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Adenoma
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Brunner's Gland "Adenoma"
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Small mass of normal elements; beleived to be hyperplasia; really NOT a neoplasm
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Bands of smooth muscle support glands (hamartomas)
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Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome Polyps
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Where do most adenocarcinomas of the small bowel arise?
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duodenum; however, MUCH less common than in the colon
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MOST COMMON MALIGNANT TUMOR OF SMALL BOWEL
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Carcinoid Tumor
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MC location of Carcinoid tumor
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appendix or ileum
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MC concurrent malignancy of Carcinoid Tumor
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Gastric adenocarcinoma
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Neoplasm of SI that is Composed of 3 cell types: endocrine cells, ganglion cells, and Schwann-like cells.
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Gangliocytic Paraganglioma
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