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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What type are the majority of oral malignancies?
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Squamous Cell Carcinoma--more common in men due to smoking
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Acute myelogenous lukemia?
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May invade the gums
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What is the most common carcinoma to have bone metastisis?
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Thyroid gland mets--also breast, prostate, etc...
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What are the primary etiologies governing squamous cell carcinoma development in the mouth?
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Smoking and drinking
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What is the early clinical presentation of squamous cell carcinoma?
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Luekoplakia
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What are some intrinsic factors for developing mouth cancer?
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Malnutrition, iron-deficiency anemia(Plummer-Vinson Syndrome)
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Does HEREDITY play a major role in predisposition to mouth cancer?
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NO
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What is field cancerization?
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Multiple primary lesions are acquired due to general exposure of all local tissues--a 4% rate of a second primary tumor is noted
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RELATIVE RISK OF ORAL CANCER with smokeless tobacco is ____ compared to smoking?
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Risk is LESS with smokeless tobacco
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What are some oncogenic viruses?
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Epstein-Barr virus causes Burkitt's lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma
HPV causes squamous cell carcinoma, cervix and oral cavity |
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Many oral cancers are thought to be due to what?
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HPV
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What are some clinical presentations of oral cancer?
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Exophytic
Mass-forming, fungating, papillary, verruciform Endophytic Invasive, burrowing, ulcerated Leukoplakic White patch Erythroplakic Red patch > 90% : Dysplasia 50% = Superficially invasive SCC 40% = Severe dysplasia/ Carcinoma in situ Erythroleukoplakic Combined red & white patch |
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What are some findings that present histopathologically for oral cancer?
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Benign: Epithelial hyperkeratosis and epithelial hyperplasia
Pre-malignant: Epithelial dysplasia Squamous cell carcinoma |
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What does malignant transformation potential depend on?
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Location of the lesion, associated etiology, and clinical appearance
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Where are the low risk locations and where are the high risk locations?
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Low risk: buccal mucosa, gingiva, and mucobuccal fold
High risk: ventral tongue, floor of the mouth, soft palate |
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What are some high risk appearance indicators?
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Increase in thickness and palpable, surface alterations, intermixed with redness
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Is frictional keratosis associated with trauma or oral denture irritation a risk for oral cancer?
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NO
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ST-induced keratosis presents a low risk associated with smokeless tobacco at the site specific mandibular mucobuccal fold
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ST-induced keratosis presents a low risk associated with smokeless tobacco at the site specific mandibular mucobuccal fold
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If you have a person with head and neck radiation then you should do what?
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Have dental work(tooth extractions)
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Xerostomia is what and has what etiology?
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Dry mouth
Etiology: NOT AGING drugs, head and neck radiation, and Sjogren syndrome |
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What is Sjogren syndrome?
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Autoimmune condition attacking salivary glands?
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Primary Sjogren syndrome is what?
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Sicca syndrome
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Secondary Sjogren syndrome is what?
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Sicca syndrome + another autoimmune disease
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What is the most commonly associated syndrome with Sjogren?
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Rheumatoid arthritis
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How is Sjogren diagnosed?
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Lymphocytic foci within minor salivary glands, antibodies to Ro and La
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What drugs can be used to treat xerostomia?
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Salagen(cholinergic) or Evoxac
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