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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anatcids
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1) Primarily indicated for PUD and GERD
2) Neutralize and absorb stomach acid |
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SX (Antacid)
1) Causes diarrhea 2) antacid of choice 3) take on empty stomach 4) do not use with renal impairemet 4 |
*Magnesium hydroxide
i.e. MOM |
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SX (antacid)
1) Cause constipation 2) Aborbs certain drugs 3) AL phosphate binds with phosphate to reduce absorption and cause hypophosphatemia |
Aluminum Hydroxide
i.e. Amphojel |
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SX
1) minimizes diarrhea and constipation 2) combines ALOH, MGOH, and simethicone |
Combination antacids
Mylanta Maalox |
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Sx
1) acid rebound 2) constipation 3) Release CO2 in stomach - causes belching and flatulence 4) do not give with milk or foods high in Vit D (it will increase the absorption of Ca) |
Calcium Carbonate
Caltrate Oscal Tums |
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Sx / Antacid
1) Neutralized acid but unfit to treat ulcers 2) Can be absorbed, causing alkalosis 3) Can worsen hypotension 4) In renal failure, can treat acidosis |
Sodium bicarbonate
alka seltzer gaviscon bromoseltzer |
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Antacids / General SE
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1) Poorly absorbed therefore they do not alter systemic pH
2) Monitor electrolyte imbalances (Na, Ca, Mg) 3) Can increase absorption of oral anticoagulants |
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H2 Receptor Antagonist (H2RA)
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1) Drug of choice for PUD - gastric and duodenal
2) Reduces hydrochloric acid in stomach 3) Do not stop abruptly |
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H2RA / General SE
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1) May permit growth of candida in stomach
2) If infused rapidly, will cause - hypotension, dizziness, fatigue, and dysrhythmias 3) long term use will cause gynecomastia, impotence, 4) black tarry stools, diarrhea, rash 5) thrombocytopenia, anemia, neutropenia |
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SE 1 / H2RA
1) Gynecomastia 2) Reduced libido 3) Impotence (reversible when tx is stopped) 4) Confusion, hallucinations, CNS depression, lethargy, restlessness, seizure (elderly) |
Cimetidine (Tagament)
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SE 2 / H2RA
1) Short term tx 2) Significant SE are uncommon 3) Does not cause antiandrogenic effects |
Ranitidine (Zantac)
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SE 3 / H2RA
1) Suppresses acid secretion 2) helps to kill H. Pylori 3) Must be used in combo with clarithromycin (never alone) |
Ranitidine bismuth citrate (Tritec)
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SE 4 / H2RA
1) may permit candida growth 2) headache, mental confusion, disorientation, agitation 3) diarrhea 4) anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia 5) does not cause antiandrogenic effects |
Famotidine (Pepcid)
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SE 4 / H2RA
1) may permit candida growth 2) headache, mental confusion, disorientation, agitation 3) diarrhea 4) does not cause antiandrogenic effects |
Nizatidine (Axid)
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Anitulcer
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1) Promotes ulcer healing by adhering to ulcer surface
2) Does not neutralize acid 3) Does not decrease acid secretion 4) Pepsin inhibitor 5) Helps to heal duodenal ulcer |
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Characteristic 1 / Antiulcer
1) viscid and sticky gel 2) gel last for 6 hrs 3) take on empty stomach 1hr before meal 4) do not crush or chew tablet 6) |
Sucralfate (carafate)
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Characteristic 2 / Antiulcer
1) Antidiarrheal 2) May darken tongue and stool 3) Has antibacterial action against H. pylori 4) Stimulates mucosal bicarbonate and prostaglandin production |
Bismuth subsalicafate (Pepto-bismol, Kaepectate)
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Characteristic 3 / Antiulcer
1) A type of prostaglandin 2) Suppresses gastic acid 3) Promotes secretion of bicarb 4) It is a gastric mucosal protectant 5) Given concurrently with long term NSAIDS to prevent NSAIDS induce ulcers |
Misoprostol (Cytotec)
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SE 1 / Antiulcer
1) Contraindicated in pregnancy (causes uterine contractions 2) Pt must have pregnancy test 2 weeks before starting treatment 3) Pt must comply with birth control measures 4) Can decrease H&H, and platelets |
Misoprostol (Cytotec)
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PPI (Proton Pump Inhibitor)
(-prazole) |
1) Used in GERD and esophagitis
2) Most effective in suppressing gastric acid 3) Can cause irreversible inhibition of gastric acid pump 4) Inhibits both daytime and nighttime acid secretion 5) Therapy limited to 4 weeks 6) Increase risk of gastric cancer R/T hypersecretion of gastrin |
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SE / General PPI
1) Diarrhea 2) Headache 3) Abdominal pain 4) Urinary frequency 5) Sinusitis 6) Dizziness 7) N/V 8) Monitor LFT's |
ALL PPI's
1) omeprazole [Prilosec] 2) lansoprazole [Prevacid] 3) pantoprazole [Protonix] 4) esomeprazole [Nexium] |
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Antiflatulents
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Indicated for the relief of painful symptoms of excess gas in the GI tract
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SE 1 / Antiflatulent
1) none |
simethicone (Mylicon)
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Enzymes
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Ind: Pancreatic insufficiency associated with chronic pancreatitis, pancreatectomy, GI bypass, cystic fibrosis,
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SE 1 / Enyme
1) dyspnea, SOB 2) abdominal pain 3) diarrhea 4) nausea 5) hives, rash |
pancrelipase (Viokase)
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