Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
what is the source of gastrin?
|
G cells
|
|
|
what is the stimulus for gastrin?
|
small peptides, amino acids, gastric distention, vagal stimulation
|
|
|
what is the action of gastrin?
|
stimulates gastric motility, inhibits emptying, stimulates HCl, and stimulates the growth of the mucosa
|
|
|
what is the source of CCK?
|
type I cell from the duodenum
|
|
|
what is the stimulus of CCK
|
Fatty acids, amino acids and peptides
|
|
|
What is the action of CCK?
|
inhibits gastric emptying, stimulates contraction of gallbladder, stimulates pancreatic enzymes, stimulates growth of exocrine pancrease, potentiates action of secretin.
|
|
|
What is the source of secretin?
|
S cells of the duadenum
|
|
|
What is the stimulus for secretin?
|
a pH of less than 4
|
|
|
What is the action of secretin?
|
stimulates hepatic and pancreatic secretions of HCO3-, inhibits gastric empyting and HCl production, potentiates action of CCK
|
|
|
What is the source of GIP?
|
duodenum and jejunum
|
|
|
What is the stimulus for GIP?
|
Fatty acids, amino acids and glucose
|
|
|
what is the action of GIP
|
stimulates insulin secretion, inhibits gastric emptying and secretion of HCL
|
|
|
What is the source of motalin?
|
duadenum and jejenum
|
|
|
what is the stimulus for motalin?
|
fasting
|
|
|
what is the action of motalin?
|
increases stomach and intestine motility
|
|
|
what does it mean if something can potentiate a response?
|
that its affect is more than additive
|
|
|
what does trophic mean?
|
that it stimulates growth
|
|
|
what does the muscularis mucosa do?
|
changes the diameter of the tube and wrinkling of the mucosa
|
|
|
what plexus controls blood flow secretion and absorbtion?
|
submucosal plexus
|
|
|
is the intrinsic nervous system connected to the CNS
|
yes
|
|
|
How does the CNS connect to the entrinsic nervous system?
|
through autonomics
|
|
|
is sympathetic or parasympathetic stimulatory for GI?
|
parasympathetic
|
|
|
how do autonomics affect the gut?
|
through the enteric plexus
|
|
|
if a stimulus needs to go through the gut faster than just going through the enteric neurons where does it travel?
|
in extraintestinal pathways
|
|
|
what is the stimulus for the vago-vagal pathway?
|
gastric destintion
|
|
|
what is the effect of the vago-vagal pathway?
|
relaxation of the proximal stomach, HCl and gastrin secretion, and regulation of gastric motility
|
|
|
what is the stimulation for the gastroilial reflex?
|
gastric destintion
|
|
|
what is the effect of the gastoillial reflex?
|
stimulation of the illium and relaxation of the illio-cecal sphincter
|
|
|
what is the stimuation for the gastrocolic reflex pathway?
|
gastric destintion
|
|
|
what is the effect of the gastrocolic reflex pathway?
|
motility of the colon
|
|
|
What is the stimulation for the enterogastric reflex pathway?
|
acid, fat and protein in the duodenum
|
|
|
what is the effect of the enterogastric reflex pathway?
|
inhibits gastric emptying
|
|
|
what is the stimulus for ileogastric pathway?
|
distention of the illium
|
|
|
what is the effect of the illeogastric pathway?
|
inhibits gastric emptying
|
|
|
what is the stimulus for the intestino-intestinal pathway?
|
distention of parts of the intestine
|
|
|
what is the effect for the intestino-intestinal pathway?
|
inhibits motility below the distention and increases motility above it
|
|
|
**KNOW about phasic and tonic**
|
KNOW IT!!!!
|
|
|
what are the 2 sources of Ca needed for contraction?
|
extracellular and SR
|
|
|
what pumps are responsible for the relaxation state of the muscle?
|
Ca ATPase in the caveolli and the SR and the Na/Ca exchanger
|
|
|
How does extracellular calcium get inside the cell?
|
through channels
|
|
|
What is responsible for GI functioning?
|
enteric nervous system
|
|
|
what type of motor neurons are in the enteric plexis?
|
excititory and inhibitory
|
|
|
what are the components of the enteric nervous system?
|
motor, sensory, and interneurons
|
|
|
which for hormones have to do with eating?
|
gastrin, CCK, secretin and GIP
|
|
|
which hormone has to do with fasting?
|
motalin
|
|
|
Where all do motor neurons go?
|
Smooth Muscle, vasculature, epithelia, gland cells, endocrine cells
|
|
|
What is the function of the excitatory neurons for smooth muscle?
|
Promote contractions
|
|
|
What is the function of the inhibitory neurons for smooth muscle?
|
Inhibit contractions
|
|
|
What is the function of the motor neurons to vasculature?
|
Vasodilation
|
|
|
What is the function of the motor neurons to epithelia?
|
Promote secretion of water and electrolytes
|
|
|
What is the function of the motor neurons to the gland cells?
|
Promote secretions of specific products
|
|
|
What is the function of the motor neurons of the endocrine cells?
|
Promote secretion of hormones
|
|
|
What is the function of the sensory neurons?
|
Respond to stretch, touch and chemical stimuli
|
|
|
What is the function of the interneurons?
|
Function in motor, secretory and vasomotor pathways
|
|
|
What is the most important sensory function for the gut?
|
Stretch
|
|
|
What is the myenteric plexus for?
|
Muscle contraction
|
|
|
Do you have to turn the Inhibitory motorneuron on or off for it to contract?
|
You have to turn it off
|
|
|
What makes up the enteric Nervous system?
|
The myenteric plexus, and the submucosal plexus
|
|
|
What is in between the myenteric plexus and the submucosal plexus?
|
The circular muscle
|
|
|
What is in between the circular muscle and the muscularis Mucosae?
|
Submucosal plexus
|
|
|
T/F Tonic response has sustained contractions
|
TRUE
|
|
|
T/F Tonic Response needs alot of energy to maintain a contraction.
|
False, just a little bit of energy
|
|
|
What do you need to have (chemical) to be able to sustain contractions?
|
Calcium
|
|
|
Are slow waves low or high threshold?
|
Low
|
|
|
What do you need to get the slow waves to an action potential?
|
Another stimulus
|
|
|
What has the pacemaker function and generates slow waves?
|
The Interstitial cells of Cajal
|
|
|
T/F The Pacemaker function is uniform.
|
FALSE
|
