Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Small or Large: This intestine accounts for the majority of GI cancers
|
Large
|
|
|
Benign or Malignant: This small bowel tumor is usually symptomatic
|
malignant (outnumber symptomatic benign 50-60%)
|
|
|
Describe the clinical manifestation of benign small bowel tumors
|
Asymptomatic (majority)
Non-specific pain Intussusception GI bleeding |
|
|
Describe the clinical manifestation of malignant small bowel tumors
|
Colicky Pain
Obstruction GI bleeding Weight loss Palpable mass Perforation |
|
|
Name 3 benign small bowel tumors
|
Adenoma
Leiomyoma Lipoma |
|
|
Name 4 malignant small bowel tumors
|
Adenocarcinoma
Carcinoid Lymphoma Leiomyosarcoma |
|
|
Carcinoid is a ___ (common/rare) ___ tumor that is usually ___ and is found in the ___.
|
Carcinoid is a RARE (common/rare) NEUROENDOCRINE tumor that is usually ASYMPTOMATIC and is found in the ILEUM.
|
|
|
What is carcinoid syndrome and what are some sx?
|
It is associated w/ serotonin producing malignant tumors arising from enteroendocrine cells.
Symptoms: flushing, wheezing, diarrhea, dyspnea, sweating, hypotension, right heart failure |
|
|
98% of all bowel tumors occur in the ___
|
Large bowel
|
|
|
Name 6 benign colon tumors
|
1. Hyperplastic polyps
2. Juvenile polyps 3. Peutz-Jeghers syndrome 4. Adenomas 5. Lipomas 6. Leiomyomas |
|
|
What is the most common benign tumor of the distal colon and rectum?
|
Hyperplastic polyps (overgrowth of normal tissue)
|
|
|
T or F: Hyperplastic polyps have the potential to become malignant.
|
FALSE
|
|
|
Most juvenile polyps are what type of neoplasm?
|
hamartoma
|
|
|
A kid w/ > 10 hamartomas has ___ ___ syndrome with a genetic abnormality on chr __
|
A kid w/ > 10 hamartomas has JUVENILE POLYPOSIS syndrome with a genetic abnormality on chr 10
|
|
|
Hamartomas in assoc w/ mucocutaneous hyperigmentation is what?
|
Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome
|
|
|
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is inherited in an __ __ pattern w/ genetic mutations on the short arm of chr __.
|
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is inherited in an AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT pattern w/ genetic mutations on the short arm of chr 19.
|
|
|
Most CRC arise from ___
|
adenomas
|
|
|
What are some limitations of fecal occult blood testing?
|
it is neither sensitive nor specific for CRC
|
|
|
T or F: Death from CRC is preventable
|
TRUE!!!
|
|
|
describe the hisopath of hyperplastic polyps
|
crypts in upper 1/2 have characteristic serrated or convoluted appearance w/ decreased goblet cells
|
|
|
Describe the gross path of hyperplastic polyps
|
small, sessile, paler than surrounding mucosa
|
|
|
describe the gross appearance of juvenile polyps
|
pedunculated. cut surface has cystic, dilated glands
|
|
|
When looking at a gland, what makes you think it is likely to be of an adenomatous polyp instead of a normal gland?
|
In polyps, nuclei at base are not as round, but more cigar (spindle) shaped. Also, there is a loss of mucin in the polyp gland
|
|
|
What does adenomatous really mean?
|
low grade dysplasia
|
|
|
There are two types of adenomas: ___ and ___
|
pedunculated and villous
|
|
|
Tumors in the right colon are usually __ or __ exophytic masses.
|
Tumors in the right colon are usually polypoid or fungating exophytic masses.
|
|
|
Tumors in the left colon are usually __ lesions that produce an "__ __" appearance and present with obstruction
|
Tumors in the left colon are usually annular lesions that produce an "apple core" appearance and present with obstruction
|
|
|
Stage 1 CRC implies the tumor is invading to the depth of the __
|
submucosa
|
|
|
Stage 2 CRC implies that the tumor is invading to the depth of the __
|
muscularis propria
|
|
|
Stage 3 CRC implies that the tumor is invading to the depth of the __
|
serosa
|
|
|
What does the histopath of mucinous CRC look like?
|
cords of CRC cells floating in pools of mucin
|
|
|
What cancer is c-kit positive?
|
GI Stromal Tumor (GIST)
|
|
|
How do you treat GIST?
|
gleevec (imatinib)
|
