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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Normal rate of ethanol oxidation?
Primary site for metabolism? Pathway? What enzyme? |
7-10 gm/hr
Liver EtOH + NAD+ --> acetaldehyde + NADH + H+ alcohol dehydrogenase |
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Secondary pathway of EtOH metabolism?
Where? What is this called? |
Endoplasmic reticulum: (CYP450)
EtOH + NADPH + H+ + O2 --> acetaldehyde + NADP+ + H2O Microsomal Ethanol Oxidation System (MEOS) |
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What happens in the liver mitochondria?
Enzyme? Rate limiting step of alcohol metabolism? |
Acetaldehyde + NAD+ --> Acetate + NADH + H+
(-2H, +OH) aldehyde dehydrogenase rate limiting = alcohol dehydrogenase |
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How many drinks saturate the enzyme?
Low or high kM? What metal is also present? What drug blocks? |
1 drink saturates
low kM 2 Zn fomeprizole |
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What enzyme deficiency causes oriental flush?
What drug blocks? Which Cyp450 enzyme has highest alcohol metabolism? What induces enzyme activity? |
aldehyde dehydrogenase
disulfiram (Antabuse) Cyp2E1 presence of EtOH |
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Methanol gets metabolized to what?
formaldehyde gets metabolized to what? |
formaldehyde
CH3OH --> (-2H, +OH) --> CH2O formate CH2O --> )-2H, +OH) --> CHO2- |
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High NADH levels effect on:
glycolysis? DHAP --> G3P? FA/TG synthesis? FA oxidation? Pyruvate --> lactate? gluconeogenesis? Citric Acid cycle? |
inhibits glycolysis
promotes DHAP-->G3P promotes FA/TG synthesis decreases FA oxidation promotes pyruvate --> lactate reduces gluconeogenesis inhibits citric acid cycle |
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High acetaldehyde is toxic to what organs?
MEOS induced by EtOH causes what? |
Liver mitochondria, heart, skeletal muscle
catabolism of drugs oxidation of testosterone (more estrogen) |
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Primary effects of EtOH metabolism on:
VLDL/TG's Liver BS |
increased VLDL/TG's
alcoholic hepatitis cirrhosis fatty liver hypoglycemia |
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Secondary effects of EtOH metabolism?
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increased NH3
cardiomyopathy reduced uric acid secretion --> gout destruction of hippocampus |
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Effects of thiamine deficiency?
What is this called? |
mental confusion, ataxia, loss of eye coordination
Wenicke-Korsakoff psychosis |
