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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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pt with end-stage of liver failure, is given Lactulose (constulose). What lab test that indicate the medication is effective
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pt with end-stage of liver failure, is given Lactulose (constulose). What lab test that indicate the medication is effective
- test for ammonia level, ammonia decreased à medication is effective *** Lactulose is used to reduce the amount of ammonia in the blood of pt. with liver disease |
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What is Lomotil used for? what class drug?
Lomotil should b used cautiously with what pt's? |
Lomotil = like-narcotic (opioid) anti-diarrheal
Should use cautiously with pt. with respiratory depression, tachycardia, it also narrows angle of glaucoma |
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of the following pts. which one should you give the medication first
A. pt. getting proton pumping inhibitor (have to give 1hr b4 to reduce gastric juices) and is on call for gastric surgery B. pt. getting tums for indigestion C. pt. with GERD getting H2 blocker to reduce the amt of acid produced in stomach D. pt. with ulcer taking pepto-bismo to relieve upset stomach |
of the following pts. which one should you give the medication first
A. pt. getting proton pumping inhibitor (have to give 1hr b4 to reduce gastric juices) and is on call for gastric surgery |
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which one of the following would you question the order: and Why?
A. 68 male with duodenal ulcer being prescribed with prilosec proton pumping inhibitor (treat peptic ulcer, acid reflux – gerd) --- OK B. 56 yr old with H pylori infection (Helicobacter Pylori is bacteria responsible for most ulcer) with flagyl (drug to eliminate bacteria) --- OK C. 78 yr old with chronic constipation for Metamucil (treat constipation) --- OK D. 29 yr old female who has NSAIDs produce ulcer being prescribed cytotec (to reduce ulcer) |
which one of the following would you question the order
D. 29 yr old female who has NSAIDs produce ulcer being prescribed cytotec (to reduce ulcer) why? 1. cytotec is the one that destroy cells can cause more bleeding and exacerbate the ulcer 2. concern about pregnancy for 29 yr old female (child bearing age) |
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What is the following prescribed for: Prilosec (BN) – omeprazole (GN) prescribed for?
what kind of drug is Prilosec? |
Prilosec (BN) – omeprazole (GN)
- decreases the amt of acid produced in stomach - treat symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) what kind of drug is Prilosec? answer: H2 antagonist |
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how do you know the medication (prilosec) is working?
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how do you know the medication (prilosec) is working?
- pain go down (prilosec decreased gastric juices reduced gastric pain) |
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what is the proper way to administering TUMS to pt.?
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what is the proper way to administering TUMS to pt.?
- chew thoroughly follow by a glass of water |
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What is the following prescribed for: Mylicon (BN) – simethacone (GN)
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What is the following prescribed for: Mylicon (BN) – simethacone (GN)
- allow gas (flatulence) passing easier |
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what type of pt. is contraindicated with laxatives containing sodium (Na+)?
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what type of pt. is contraindicated with laxatives containing sodium (Na+)
- pt. with hypertension and fluid retention *** wherever sodium Na+ goes, water H2O follows ex. of laxatives contains sodium Na+: colace, |
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Riopan (aluminum magnesium complex) (BN), simethicone (GN); What route is it given? What is it? and what is it for? and how should it be taken?
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Riopan (aluminum magnesium complex) (BN), simethicone (GN); What route is it given? What is it? and what is it for? and how should it be taken?
- oral route - antacid - treat peptic ulcer how should the pt. take it? - copious amount of water (only water) |
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cephulac (lactolose) (diarrheal) for pt. with hepatic encephalopathy to decrease the amt of ammonia,
what else can you give it for? What is hepatic encephalopathy? |
cephulac (lactolose) (diarrheal) for pt. with hepatic encephalopathy to decrease the amt of ammonia,
what else can you give it for - constipation *** hepatic encephalopathy: is a worsening of brain function that occurs when the liver is no longer able to remove toxic substances in the blood |
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pancrelipase (GN), Cotazym (BN), what kind of drug?
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pancrelipase (GN), Cotazym (BN), what kind of drug
- enzyme for pancreas - for digest foods such as protein, fat and carb |
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zantac (BN), zantadine (GN) to treat peptic ulcer; what kind of drug is it?
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zantac (BN), zantadine (GN) to treat peptic ulcer; what kind of drug is it?
- antacid H2 antagonist |
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what drugs that contraindicated with zantac
- all other antacid H2 antagonist why? - to prevent metabolic alkalosis |
what drugs that contraindicated with zantac
- all other antacid H2 antagonist why? - to prevent metabolic alkalosis |
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what part of GI tract does antacid work on?
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what part of GI tract does antacid work on?
- stomach |
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aluminum carbonate gel (GN), Basaljel (BN), WHAT IS IT FOR?
what are it's common side effects? |
aluminum carbonate gel (GN), Basaljel (BN)
- treat heartburn, acid reflux, acid indigestion, sour stomach and stomach ulcers what is common SE - constipation (if take too much) |
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how do you evaluate the effectiveness of lactulose?
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how do you evaluate the effectiveness of lactulose
- assess the level of ammonia; if the amt of ammonia decreased à its effective - the level of consciousness improved à the level of ammonia go down |
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What kind of med is Imodium?
how does it work? |
Imodium
- antidiarrheal how does it work - slow down peristalsis (stool stays in intestine longer to absorb water to decrease diarrhea) |
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why should you question doctor’s order of sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) for pt with heart failure and peptic ulcer?
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why should you question doctor’s order of sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) for pt with heart failure and peptic ulcer
- because sodium cause hypertension and fluid retention not good for heart failure pt. |
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which of the following might cause diarrhea?
A. sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) B. calcium (tums) C. aluminum carbonate (basaljel) D. magnesium hydroxide (MOM – Milk of Magnesia) treat constipation |
which of the following might cause diarrhea
D. magnesium hydroxide (MOM – Milk of Magnesia) treat constipation |
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what kind of antacid would you give to pt. with GERD? what is an example?
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what kind of antacid would you give to pt. with GERD?
- proton pump inhibitor ex. of proton pump inhibitor - prevacid (Lansoprazole) |
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what indication that let you know the med. is working for pt. with hiatal hernia and gastric reflex?
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what indication that let you know the med. is working for pt. with hiatal hernia and gastric reflex
- no more burning pain - pt. didn’t wake up middle of the night when laying flat |
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pt. with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), taking sulfasalazine (GN) – Azulfidine (BN), what class of med is it?
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pt. with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), taking sulfasalazine (GN) – Azulfidine (BN)
- is aminosalicylate what is aminosalicylate - it has aspirin (salicylates) how much water should pt drink with salicylate a day - at least 2 liters a day |
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What is aminosalicylate?
How much water should pt drink with salicylate a day? |
what is aminosalicylate
- it has aspirin (salicylates) how much water should pt drink with salicylate a day - at least 2 liters a day |
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where should suppositories stored?
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where should suppositories stored
- in the fridge |
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pt. is taking flatulence for H pylori infection; what indicate the medication is effective?
What S/S if the pt. was bleeding? |
pt. is taking flatulence for H pylori infection; what indicate the medication is effective
- relieve pain - no bleeding what S/S if the pt. was bleeding - black, tarry stool - vs: pulse and respiration are up, BP is down *** H pylori (Helicobacter pylori) = bacteria responsible for peptic and duadenal ulcer, stomach inflammation |
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Senokot (BN), senna (GN), what is it for? what is the common side effect?
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Senokot (BN), senna (GN)
- treat constipation - common SE of senokot = urine=brown, stool is yellow green |
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Marinol (BN), dronabinol (GN), what is it for?
Common S/E? |
Marinol (BN), dronabinol (GN) to prevent N/V under chemotherapy
- treat N/V caused by cancer of chemotherapy - common S/E · dizziness · euphoria (feeling of great happiness or well-being) |
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common complication of too much Imodium can cause?
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common complication of too much Imodium can cause
- constipation |
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what is major problem with long term laxatives?
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what is major problem with long term laxatives
- addition to laxative - serious electrolyte imbalance |
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pt. is allergic to sulfonamide drugs, from the med. prescribed for colitis, what should pt. avoid (which med. has sulfa based)?
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pt. is allergic to sulfonamide drugs, from the med. prescribed for colitis, what should pt. avoid (which med. has sulfa based)
- asacol (BN), mesalamine (GN) |
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what is the right method of administer mineral oil to a pt.?
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what is the right method of administer mineral oil to a pt.?
- on an empty stomach and before bed time |
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What is the advantage of giving an histamine 2 (H2) blocker over conventional antacid?
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what is the advantage of giving an histamine 2 (H2) blocker over conventional antacid
- frequency of dosing *** antacid can only take after meal |
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What pt. cytotec is contraindicated?
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what pt. cytotec is contraindicated
- pregnant women |
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What instructions should you give to an pt discharged with antacid therapy?
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What instructions should you give to an pt discharged with antacid therapy?
- still taking antacids even the symptom is subsided |
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Citrucel (BN), methylcellulose (GN):
What is it? How do you take it? |
Citrucel (BN), methylcellulose (GN)
- bulk laxative How do you take it? - with 8oz of water followed by 8 oz of water |
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sucralfate (GN), Carafate (BN),
What is it? How do you take it? If take with other med? |
sucralfate (GN), Carafate (BN), anti-ulcer medication
- pepcid inhibitor how do you take it - take on an empty stomach 1 hr before meals if take with other med - 2 hrs between other drugs |
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Reglan (BN), metoclopramide (GN:
What is it for? |
Reglan (BN), metoclopramide (GN) treat heartburn caused by gastric reflux, for gastric stasis (delay emptying of stomach)
- is gastric stimulant drug - increase paristalsis |
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Would you give laxative to the following....
A. pt. preparing for colonoscopy? B. pt with diarrhea from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) ? C. pt. with vaginal tear from delivery? D. pt. with constipation and abd pain? |
would you give laxative to the following, select all that apply
- would you give laxative to pt. preparing for colonoscopy --- Yes - would you give to pt with diarrhea from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) --- Yes - pt. with vaginal tear from delivery --- Yes - pt. with constipation and abd pain --- NO |
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Tagamet (BN), cimetidine (GN);
What is it for? What class? Why this medication is not prescribed for male pt.? |
Tagamet (BN), cimetidine (GN);
- treat and prevent ulcers (stomach and small instestine) - treat GERD - H2 blocker antagonist Why this medication is not prescribed for male pt. - cause impotence (temporary while taking drug) |
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pt. with ulcerative colitis and taking asacol (aspirin product); how should pt. take the med.?
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pt. with ulcerative colitis and taking asacol (aspirin product); how should pt. take the med.
- take it whole, not to crush, break or chew it |
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pt. with ulcerative colitis and taking asacol (aspirin product); how should pt. take the med.?
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pt. with ulcerative colitis and taking asacol (aspirin product); how should pt. take the med.
- take it whole, not to crush, break or chew it |
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pt is given sulfonamide for inflammatory bowel; why is it important to monitor pt.’s creatinine level?
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pt is given sulfonamide for inflammatory bowel; why is it important to monitor pt.’s creatinine level
- is sulfa drug - because it can produce crystalluria lead to kidney stone and can block the kidney |
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pt. is Dx with H pylori and peptic ulcer and put on combination therapy (antibiotic with H2 receptor blocker antagonis or proton pump inhibitor). What is the time frame that pt. need to take the combination drugs?
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pt. is Dx with H pylori and peptic ulcer and put on combination therapy (antibiotic with H2 receptor blocker antagonis or proton pump inhibitor). What is the time frame that pt. need to take the combination drugs
- 2-4 wks or at least 17 days *** combination therapy = most often refer to simultaneously administration of two or more medications to treat a single disease |
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what color is the stool when taking colace (stool softener)?
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what color is the stool when taking colace (stool softener)
- soft and brown |
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What question should you ask pt. before giving bulk laxative for diverticulosis?
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What question should you ask pt. before giving bulk laxative for diverticulosis
- can you swallow - med. should take with 8 oz of water and follow by an 8 oz of water |
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pt. is go for colonoscopy, doctor prescribed golytely the night before, what do you want to know before giving about fluids?
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pt. is go for colonoscopy, doctor described golytely the night before, what do you want to know before giving about fluids
- electrolyte balance - skin tugor (make sure he is not already dehydrated) - assess mucous membrane (check the mouth) *** golytely = Polyethylene glycol-electrolyte solution, use to clean the bowel before Gi exam or surgery. It works by causing diarrhea |
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bulk laxative, what does it do?
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bulk laxative
- add size to fecal mass, as fecal mass grows it stimulate the peristalsis |
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pt. with hypertension should not take any stool softener like colace, Why?
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pt. with hypertension should not take any stool softener like colace, because it sodium based
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pt with end-staged liver failure and have elevated ammonia level, he is taking lactulose how do you know the drug is effective?
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pt with end-staged liver failure and have elevated ammonia level, he is taking lactulose how do you know the drug is effective
- ammonia level go down - improve in neurological function |
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compazine, What is it? What are the S/E?
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compazine
- anti-emetic(for N/V), anti-dopaminergic S/E of compazine: - extra pyramidal syndrome (EPS) - muscle rigidity - slurred speech - uncontrolled muscle contractions - tremors - shuffling gait *** Extrapyramidal syndrome (ESP) = A variety of signs and symptoms, including muscular rigidity, tremors, drooling, shuffling gait (parkinsonism); restlessness (akathisia); peculiar involuntary postures (dystonia, ); motor inertia (akinesia); and many other neurologic disturbances. Results from dysfunction of the extrapyramidal system. |
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phenergan, what is it? Why is it needed?
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phenergan (same type as compazine)
- anti-dopaminergic *** dopamine is needed for transmission of nervous impulses across the synape it block dopamine, it cause twitching, impulse is not getting thru |
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What do u tell pt to avoid drinking with compazine and phenergan?
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do not drink alcohol with compazine and phenergan
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bentyl, what is it?
what kind of stool and the pain should it be if the medication is working properly? |
bentyl
- anticholinergic drug (substance that blocks the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the central and peripheral nervous system - treat irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) what kind of stool and the pain should it be if the medication is working properly - bc it is anticholinergic it slow down peristalsis à decrease loose stool make stool firm - decrease pain (bc it decreased irritation in the colon) |
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S/E of anticholinergic?
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S/E of anticholinergic
- agitation - confusion - drowsiness - dry mouth |
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which of the following pt. with irritable bowelbs which pt. is not a candidate for bentyl
- young female pt. with diabetes - young female with osteopenia (bone mineral density is lower than normal) - female pt. with flatulence and loose stool - 55 yr old male with BPH (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia – enlarge prostate) why? |
which of the following pt. with irritable bowelbs which pt. is not a candidate for bentyl
- young female pt. with diabetes --- no - young female with osteopenia (bone mineral density is lower than normal) --- no - female pt. with flatulence and loose stool ---no - 55 yr old male with BPH (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia – enlarge prostate) --- yes, he is not a candidate for bentyl why · because one of the anticholinergic S/E is urinary retention |
