Gi: Anatomy: Ab Wall And Inguinal Region

Front 1

Outer, fatty layer of superficial fascia of the abdomen

Back 1

Campers

Front 2

Deep, fibrous/membranous layer of superficial fascia of the abdomen

Back 2

Scarpa's

Front 3

Fascia that is deep and connects to fascia lata below inguinal ligmanet

Back 3

Scarpa's

Front 4

Camper's + Scarpa's minus the fat + the muscle

Back 4

Dartos in the scrotum

Front 5

Forms Colle's fascia in the perineum

Back 5

Scarpa's (AKA superficial perineal fascia)

Front 6

The aponeurotic meeting place of the 3 flat muscles of the abdomen

Back 6

Linea alba

Front 7

Name the 3 pairs of flat abdominal muscles from superficial to deep

Back 7

External oblique, Internal oblique and Trasverse abdominis

Front 8

Fxns of EO and IO

Back 8

Compress viscera and flex and rotate trunk

Front 9

Fxns of Transverse abdominis

Back 9

Compresses and supports abdominal viscera

Front 10

What forms the Conjoint Tendon (Falx Inguinalis)

Back 10

Formed by the fusion of the aponeuroses of the Internal Oblique and Transverse Abdominis as they insert on the pubis

Front 11

What provides tendinous inscriptions in the anterior abdomen?

Back 11

The anterior layer of the rectus sheath

Front 12

The arcuate line is the lower border of what?

Back 12

The lower border of the posterior layer of the rectus sheath

Front 13

Above the arcuate line, the anterior layer is formed by the aponeurosis of what?

Back 13

the External Oblique and the Internal Oblique

Front 14

Below the arcuate line, the anterior layer is formed by the aponeurosis of what?

Back 14

All 3 (EO, IO, TA)

Front 15

What forms the POSTERIOR wall BELOW the arcuate line?

Back 15

Transversalis fascia, extraperitneal fat and parietal peritoneum: thus it is a relatively weak structure

Front 16

What does the median umbilical fold cover?

Back 16

median umbilical ligament (remnant of the urachus)

Front 17

What does the medial umbilical fold cover?

Back 17

medial umbilical ligament (or the obliterated umbilical arteries)

Front 18

What does the lateral umbilical folds cover?

Back 18

inferior epigastric vessels

Front 19

Where do the intercostal nerves originate?

Back 19

Ventral rami of T7-T11

Front 20

Where does the subcostal nerve originate?

Back 20

T12 ventral rami (under rib 12)

Front 21

Ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerves are branches of what?

Back 21

L1

Front 22

T4 dermatome

Back 22

Nipple

Front 23

T10 dermatome

Back 23

Umbilicus

Front 24

Where do you find the intercostal nerves? Between what?

Back 24

Between the Internal Oblique and the Transverse Abdominus

Front 25

Motor to muscles of anterior abdominal wall (somatic efferent) and sensory to skin and peritoneum (somatic afferent)

Back 25

T7-T11 intercostal nerves; subcostal (T12) and L1

Front 26

What offers one alternate route to the lower extremeties in the event of the narrowing of the abdominal aorta?

Back 26

The anastomoses of the superior epigastric and inferior epigastric arteries

Front 27

Where do the superior and inferior epigastric arteries enter the rectus sheath?

Back 27

@ the arcuate line

Front 28

Both the superior and inferior epigastric arteries run ______ to the rectus abdominis

Back 28

posterior

Front 29

The superior epigastric artery is a terminal branch of what?

Back 29

Internal thoracic

Front 30

The inferior epigastric artery is a branch of what?

Back 30

External iliac (just above inguinal ligament)

Front 31

Common in newborns because the anterior abdominal wall is relatively weak in the umbilical ring

Back 31

Umbilical hernia

Front 32

An epigastric hernia occurs through what?

Back 32

linea alba

Front 33

Spigelian hernias occur where?

Back 33

Along the semilunar lines or arcuate line

Front 34

In what pt population do spigelian hernias classically occur?

Back 34

40+ Obese

Front 35

What forms the inguinal ligament?

Back 35

Lower border of the external oblique aponeurosis

Front 36

From where does the inguinal ligament extend?

Back 36

Between the anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic tubercle

Front 37

Formed by the descent of the testes and the processus vaginalis

Back 37

Inguinal canal (Oblique passage through the ab wall above the inguinal ligament)

Front 38

The gonads descend ________ally along the posterior abdominal wall and follow the _________

Back 38

retroperitoneally;gubernaculum testes

Front 39

A pouch of peritoneum that pushes through the anterior abdominal wall in front of the gonads to acquire layers from the abdominal wall

Back 39

processus vaginalis

Front 40

The fascia transversalis gives rise to what in the scrotum?

Back 40

Internal spermatic fascia

Front 41

The internal oblique muscle gives rise to what in the scrotum?

Back 41

Cremasteric fascia and cremasteric muscle

Front 42

The external oblique muscles gives rise to what in the scrotum?

Back 42

External spermatic fascia

Front 43

Which anterior abdominal muscle does NOT contribute to the scrotum?

Back 43

Transverse Abdominis

Front 44

Name 3 things that may be in the inguinal canal

Back 44

spermatic cord (male), round ligament of the uterus (female) and Ilioinguinal nerve (L1)

Front 45

The superficial inguinal ring is a triangular opening in the aponeurosis of what muscle?

Back 45

external oblique

Front 46

The deep inguinal ring is a normal defect in what?

Back 46

fascia transversalis

Front 47

Anterior border of the inguinal canal

Back 47

aponeurosis of the EO

Front 48

Posterior border of the inguinal canal

Back 48

Fascia transversalis laterally; conjoint tendon medially

Front 49

Floor of the inguinal canal

Back 49

rolled under edge of the EO aponeurosis; lateral crus of superficial ring

Front 50

Roof of the inguinal canal

Back 50

Arching lowest fibers of the conjoint tendon

Front 51

The spermatic cord exits the ab cavity ______to the inferior epigastric vessels ____ the arch of the transversus abdominis

Back 51

Lateral;Under

Front 52

Indirect Inguinal hernia is ____ to the inferior epigastric vessels

Back 52

Lateral (MDs don't LIe)

Front 53

most common type of Inguinal hernia in male children

Back 53

Indirect

Front 54

Direct Inguinal hernia is ______ to the inferior epigastric vessels

Back 54

Medial (MDs don't LIe)

Front 55

MC type of inguinal hernia in elderly males

Back 55

Direct

Front 56

Lateral boundary of Inguinal (Hesselbach's) Triangle

Back 56

Inferior epigastric artery

Front 57

Medial boundary of Inguinal (Hesselbach's) Triangle

Back 57

Rectus abdominis

Front 58

Inferior boundary of Inguinal (Hesselbach's) Triangle

Back 58

Inguinal ligament

Front 59

Femoral hernias occur _____ to pubic tubercle and _____to the inguinal ligament within the femoral sheath

Back 59

lateral (Inguinal hernias are found medial to the PT)l;inferior

Front 60

MC type of hernia in females due to a wider pelvis

Back 60

Femoral hernia