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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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indications for enteral nutrition
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malnutrition risk
decreased oral intake enough functioning SI (3-4 feet) short term |
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benefits of enteral nutrition
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maintains normal GI (by using system)
maintains mucosal barrier-GALT more efficient use of nuts |
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placement options for enteral nutrition
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NG, NJ, ND
PEG, PEJ |
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formulae for enteral nutrition
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1.0 Kcal/ml
(higher concentration if fluid restriction) |
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best assessment of nutrition statud during enteral/parenteral nutrition
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prealbumin
(also use N balance) |
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weekly clinical assessment of nutrition status
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Nitrogen balance
Serum elects, BUN, creat (2-3 x week) weight (3 x week) serum glucose, Ca, Mg, P |
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daily monitoring of nutrition status
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sign & sx of edema or dehydration
fluid intake/output gastric residuals (every 4 hrs) stool output & consistency |
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equation for nitrogen balance
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protein intake/6.25 - (urinary N + 4)
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increase in prealbumin indicates
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positive nitrogen balance
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nutrition via subclavian
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central access
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nutrition via vein in arm to subclavian to SVC
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PICC
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nutrition via catheter into sm vein in arm
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peripheral access
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factors for equation for parenteral nutrition
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calories
protein & lipid complete with carbs (include total volume) |
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caloric requirement
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30 Kcal/Kg
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protein requirement
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1.5 g/kg (or 1.5)
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lipid requirement
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30% of total calories
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glucose requirement
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subtract lipid & prot requirement from total
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guidelines for parenteral nutrition
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start slowly
start at 1/2 to 3/4 of est increase when glucose below 200 mg/dl |
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monitoring parenteral nutrition
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vitals
elecs (Ca, Mg, P) BUN, creatinine hematologic parameters (CBC, WBC, PT) liver function (enz's, alk phos, ammonia) serum prot (albumin, pre) N balance |
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cardiac & resp failure after feed post starvation
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refeeding syndrome
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causes of refeeding syndrome
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increased workload for damaged organs (b/c reintroduce insulin)
cardiac & resp failure redistribution of PO3, Mg, & K (into extracellular fluid- intracelular low) |
