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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hurricanes--General Names
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US: Hurricane
Indian ocean: Cyclone West Pacific: Typhoon |
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Convection upwelling if it were dry
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T drops as air rises to lower pressure and gas expands
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Convection upwelling--if it is humid (hurricane)
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Temperature drops because of lowering pressure; reaches condensation temperature; water vapor condenses, large latent heat release; heats air and causes upswelling; draws in more moist air faster, which goes through the same process faster <-- positive feedback
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With Coriolis Effect, flow into low pressure zones are
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clockwise or "cyclonic"
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With Coriolis Effect, flow into high pressure zones are
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Clockwise or "anticyclonic"
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What is the formation of a hurricane?
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They form in the warm tropics (low lattitudes) as warm upswellings and pressure lows; Moist air spirals in (Coriolis effect) to pressure lows; Condensation and latent heat release boost upswelling, and thus draw air in faster: crucial feedback
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What are the stages of development of a hurricane?
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Tropical disturbance
Tropical depression Tropical storm Tropical cyclone (hurricane) |
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What is a tropical disturbance?
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Low pressure zone associated with warm upswelling; no identifying number or name
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What is a tropical depression?
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Increased windspeed leads to a tropical depression; gets identifing number (and sometimes a name)
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What is a tropical storm?
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Sustained wind speeds exceed 39mph but is still less than 74mph; receives an identifying name
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What is a tropical cyclone?
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Sustained wind speed exceeds 74mph; "eye" develops
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Saffir-Simpson Scale
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Category 1: 74-95mph winds
Category 2: 96-110mph winds Category 3: 111-130mph winds Category 4: 131-155mph winds Category 5: >156mph winds |
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What is a hurricane path?
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First westward direction is determined by trade winds. Once deflected north or South, it turns to the East because of the Coriolis effect and then follow mid-lat westerlies.
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When do hurricanes die out?
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When they go over dry land or into cold ocean.
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How does NOAA forecast hurricanes?
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Multi-year or multi-decade cycles
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Cause of most hurricane deaths are from
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Storm Surges
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Storm Surges occur when
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Low pressure at the center of a hurricane lifts up water above sea level, and the water runs on the shore and floods inland
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