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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Vowels are long when
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1. doubled (Paar)
2. followed by "h" (sehen) 3. followed by a single consonant (gut, rot) |
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Vowels are short when
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1. followed by a double consonant (Bett, Mann)
2. followed by 2 or more consonants (sitzen) |
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long a
Vater, haben, sagen |
as the "a" in father
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short a
Wasser, Hand, alt |
as the "o" in hot
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long e
geben |
as in may
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short e
Ende, Henne |
as in let
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long i
Tiger, Universität |
as in greet
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short i
ist, dick, Mitte, Mittag, Mittwoch |
as in sit
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ie
Bier, hier, fliegen, liegen |
like the long "i" (which sounds like an "e" in English)
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long o
Sohn, Brot, Segelboot |
as in open
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short o
Sonne, Sommer |
as in song
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long u
Blume, Pudel, Handshuh |
as in dune
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short u
Mutter, und, unter |
as in bush
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long ä
Mädchen, Väter, Waschbär |
as in hair
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short ä
Männer, Länder, Rotkäppchen |
same as the short "e" (let)
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long ö
Söhne, schön |
pronounce the German long "e" (may) with rounded lips
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short ö
öffnen, östlich |
pronounce the German short "e" (let) with rounded lips
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long ü
kühl, grün, Bücherwurm |
as the German long "i" (greet) with rounded lips
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short ü
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as the German short "i" (sit) with rounded lips
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ä occasionally written as
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ae
spaet rather than spät |
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ö occassionaly written as
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oe
Oel rather than Öl |
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ü occassionaly written as
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ue
Bueffel rather than Büffel |
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Dipthongs ei, ai, ey
Wein, Mai |
like the "i" in wine
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Dipthong au
Maus, Haus, Augenblick |
like the "ou" in mouse
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Dipthongs äu, eu
Fräulein, Nachteule, Feuer |
like the "oy" in joy
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pronunciation of b
bevor halb |
English "b" in front
English "p" at end |
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c before ä, e, i
Cäsar |
ts in bats
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c before a, o, u
Café |
English "k"
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ch following a, o, u, au
Nacht, Macht |
pronounced in front part of mouth as in Scotch Loch
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ch
1) at the beginning of words of Greek origin 2) preceding consonants 3) preceding the vowels a, u Christus, Charakter |
English "k"
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pronunciation of chs
sechs |
like the x in six
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pronunciation of d
Donnerstag Hund |
like English "d" at front
like English "t" at end |
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pronunciation of g
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1) like the "g" in good at beginning
2) hard "g" when it begins a syllable 3) like English "k" when it ends a syllable or word |
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pronunciation of ig
König Königin |
1) like German ich at the end of a word
2) when and ending is added the g becomes hard |
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pronunciation of h
hören, aha |
like English h when beginning word or syllable
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pronunciation of j
jung, Jahrhudert |
like Engish "y" in young
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pronunciation of l
laut, Lippe |
like English "l" in land
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pronunciation of ng
England, länger |
like English ng in singer
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pronunciation of pf
Apfel, Pfund, pfui |
both letters are pronounced
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pronunciation of qu
Quecksilber, Qualität |
like the English kv
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pronunciation of r
studieren, reparieren, klar |
no equivalent in English - like French r
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pronunciation of s
senden, Suppe Gast, Fledermaus |
at front of word or syllable - z as in zest
otherwise like the English in sun |
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pronunciation of ß
barfuß, Kuß |
and "ss" like English "ss" in mass.
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pronunciation of sp and st
Staat, Stinktier |
at the front of the word like English "sh" in she
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pronunciation of th
Luther, Theologie |
like English t
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pronunciation of v
Volk, Vorwort November |
like English "f" in words of German origin
like English "v" in words of foreign origin |
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pronunciation of w
Wald, Wörterbuch |
like the English "v"
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pronunciation of x
Axt, Vexierbild |
like the English "ks"
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pronunciation of z
Zoo, Zickzack |
like the English "ts" in bats
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