Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The most critical issue facing geriatrics patients is what?
|
loss of independence
|
|
At what age are patients eligible for medicare?
|
apprx 65
|
|
medications are covered by what part of medicare?
|
part D
|
|
skilled nursing facilities are covered by what part of medicare?
|
part A
|
|
physician and outpatient costs are covered by what part of medicare?
|
part B
|
|
What age group is expected to have the largest population growth in the next forty years?
|
65 and up (Baby Boomers)
|
|
What ethnicity/sex has the highest life expectancy. Lowest?
|
Highest = White female, Lowest = Black Male
|
|
What program assists elderly patients when they have run out of money for living expenses?
|
Medicaid
|
|
Most geriatric patients live in assisted living facilities (true/false)
|
false (most live with spouses or alone)
|
|
Are cataracts, presbyopia and decreased myopia normal with aging?
|
yes
|
|
Senescence is a fancy word for _______
|
aging
|
|
Is senescence universal to all organisms?
|
no (bacteria don't age)
|
|
What is progeria?
|
premature aging (Hutchinson-Gilford and Werner Syndromes)
|
|
What is a cataract?
|
Opacification of the lens of the eye due to glycosification of proteins
|
|
What is presbyopia?
|
increasing stiffness of the lens and inability to accomodate and see close objects
|
|
myopia gets _______ with age. hyperopia gets _________
|
better, worse
|
|
Is hearing loss with age normal? what is it called?
|
yes, presbyacusis
|
|
What diseases should you consider when diagnosing hearing loss in the elderly?
|
Meniere’s Disease
Syphilis Hereditary progressive sensorineural hearling loss Infections Noise induced Autoimmune disorders Head trauma Otosclerosis |
|
What processes relating to eating remain unaffected with age?
|
taste, food enjoyment, salivatory output
|
|
What are some reasons for loss of height in the elderly?
|
loss of bone mass, increased thoracic kyphosis, decreased intervertebral disc height
|
|
does GFR increase, decrease or remain the same with age?
|
decreases
|
|
what is observed of survival rates following hip fracture?
|
significant decrease
|
|
what happens to skeletal muscle with aging?
|
decreased strength and mass
|
|
why do old people get all wrinkly?
|
thinning skin, atrophy of subQ adipose tissue
|
|
Are skin lesions normal with aging?
|
no
|
|
Nonblanchable erythema of intact skin; what stage pressure sore?
|
Stage I
|
|
Full-thickness skin loss involving subcutaneous tissue but not underlying fascia. what stage pressure sore?
|
Stage III
|
|
Full-thickness injury with damage or necrosis of underlying muscle, bone, tendon or joint. what stage pressure sore?
|
Stage IV
|
|
Superficial ulcer, abrasion, blister or shallow crater. what stage pressure sore?
|
Stage II
|
|
Is decreased brain weight a process of normal aging?
|
yes
|
|
What happens to parasympathetics on the heart with aging?
|
decrease, atropine becomes less effective
|
|
what are the declining GI secretion-absorption functions with aging?
|
Gastric prostagladin synthesis
Bicarbonate secretion Nonparietal fluid secretion Jejunal lactase activity Vitamin D absorption Zinc absorption Calcium absorption |
|
Is it normal to start to see protein in urine with age?
|
NO, pathological
|
|
What are the six ADL's
|
Bathing, Continence, Dressing, Feeding, Toileting, Transfering
|
|
Preparing meals, doing laundry, taking medication, and using the telephone are ADL's or IADL's?
|
IADL's
|
|
What is the maximum score on a MMSE?
|
30
|
|
What should be considered in geriatric nutrition?
|
protein calorie malnutrition common
|
|
What are the top 5 diseases killing adults over 65?
|
Heart Disease, Cancer, Stroke, Respiratory Disease, Alzheimer's
|
|
What contributes to cardiovascular disease in the elderly?
|
vascular stiffness, decreased ventricular filling, impaired cardiac output, degeneration of conduction system
|
|
Are cancer deaths higher among men or women?
|
men
|
|
Fatty deposits in the internal carotid would cause a __________ stroke. A _________ stroke would be caused by a blood clot in the cerebrum.
|
thrombotic, embolic
|
|
What is the most major complication of diabetes mellitus?
|
neuropathy
|
|
What is executive function?
|
ability to take what is at hand and formulate a thought process
|
|
Is dementia a normal part of aging?
|
no, it is a disease process
|
|
What are the top six etiologies of dementia?
|
Alzheimer's, Vascular dementia, Dementia w/ Lewy bodies, Parkinson's disease, Frontotemporal dementia, Reversible dementia
|
|
What is the trend on MMSE based on education?
|
patients with less education have lower scores
|
|
Define orthostatic hypotension
|
A fall in Systolic Blood Pressure of at least 20 mm Hg or to less than 90 mm Hg when moving from a supine to standing position.
|
|
What is an "Orange Card"
|
confirms a patients desire for DNR order
|
|
What are Elisabeth Kubler's 5 stages of grieving?
|
Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance
|
|
Warfarin dose will need to be increased in patients with liver disease (true/false)
|
false
|
|
How is drug distribution affected in old age?
|
decline in lean body mass, increase in body fat, decrease in total body water (hydrophilic drugs have increased concentration, lipophilic drugs have decreased concentration, protein bound drugs have higher concentration)
|
|
Drugs metabolized in Phase I reactions will be available in higher or lower concetrations?
|
higher
|
|
What is the formula for CrCl?
|
140 (wt in kg) (.85 if female) / 72 x serum Cr
|