Geriatrics

Front 1

Approximately how many people in the U.S. have Heart Failure?

Back 1

5 Million

Front 2

Heart Failure is primarily a condition of the elderly. T/F

Back 2

True

Front 3

What % of hospitalized patients are older than 65?

Back 3

80%

Front 4

What % of men and women are alive after 5 years of those who have survived an acute onset of Heart Failure?

Back 4

35% Men, 50% Women

Front 5

What is the main portal of entry for bacteria?

Back 5

The mouth

Front 6

Research show that artherosclerosis is more common among those with periodontitis. T/F

Back 6

True

Front 7

Those with coronal or root caries were (more/less) likely to have an arrhythmia than those without active lesions.

Back 7

More

Front 8

Those with 1-2 root caries were 2.8 times more likely to have an arrhythmia then someone who did not. T/F

Back 8

True

Front 9

There was no difference found between periodontal disease and arrhythmias. T/F

Back 9

True

Front 10

What is known as the "Silent Killer?"

Back 10

Hypertension

Front 11

What affects 50 Million Americans? (30% are unaware they have it.)

Back 11

Hypertension

Front 12

Does the risk of having hypertension increase with age?

Back 12

Yes

Front 13

Blood pressure of Stage 1 hypertension.

Back 13

140/>80

Front 14

Blood pressure of Stage 2 hypertension.

Back 14

160/>100

Front 15

In 90% of hypertension cases, there is no identifiable cause. T/F

Back 15

True

Front 16

Etiology of hypertension includes Tobacco use, heredity, overweight, Race-African Americans are more at risk, salt, sex- men before 45, women after 45, stress. T/F

Back 16

True

Front 17

Only 1/2 of all cardiovascular disease cases have classical risk factors. T/F

Back 17

True

Front 18

Thickening of arterial walls is called?

Back 18

Atherosclerosis

Front 19

Narrow arterial lumen
Diminished blood flow
Diminished oxygen supply are all factors of...

Back 19

Atherosclerosis

Front 20

Atherosclerosis is the most common underlying cause of what? (2 things)

Back 20

Coronary Heart Disease - leading cause of death in the U.S. after age 65.
Cerebrovascular Disease

Front 21

Restriction in blood supply,
symptomatic coronary atherosclerosis,
and etiology is unknown. This is what?

Back 21

Ischemic Heart Disease

Front 22

Older age, Male, hypertension, cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitus, & periodontal disease.

These are risk factors for what?

Back 22

Ischemic Heart Disease

Front 23

Angina Pectoris - Stable or unstable?
Predictable and constant over time
Typically precipitated by physical effort
Cessation by use of nitroglycerin
Good prognosis

Back 23

Stable

Front 24

Angina Pectoris - Stable or unstable?
New onset of pain, increase in frequency and intensity of pain, pain occurs at rest, not readily relieved by nitroglycerin, often develop MI shortly

Back 24

Unstable

Front 25

Occurs when the left atrium and left ventricle don't close properly.
Leaflets of mitral valve are thickened and balloon back into the left atrium during systole. No antibiotic premed.

Back 25

Mitral Valve Prolapse

Front 26

When mitral valve prolapse causes blood to leak back into the atrium from the ventricle it is called what?

Back 26

Mitral valve regurgitation

Front 27

Autoimmune condition that can follow an upper respiratory betahemolytic streptococcal infection.

Back 27

Rheumatic Heart DIsease

Front 28

Condition in which the heart valves are damaged by rheumatic fever.
It can affect many of the body's connective tissues especially the heart, joints, brain or skin.

Back 28

Rheumatic Heart Disease

Front 29

90,000 individuals die from rheumatic heart disease each year. T/F
No anitbiotic premed is required. T/F

Back 29

True
True

Front 30

Involves 4 anatomical abnormalities:
Pulmonary Stenosis
Overriding Aorta
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
Right Ventricular Hypertrophy

Back 30

Tetralogy of Fallout

Front 31

If patient has Tetralogy of Fallot, patient must be premedicated. T/F
Increases risk of developing endocarditis. T/F

Back 31

True

Front 32

"Blue Baby Syndrome"
Occurs in about 5 of out of every 10,000 babies
Most common cyanotic heart defect, representing 55-70%

Back 32

Tetralogy of Fallot

Front 33

A type of defect in one or more structures of the heart or blood vessels that occur before birth is called what? (Cause is unknown)

Back 33

Congenital Heart Disease - About 500,000 people in U.S. have CHD

Front 34

CV disease - Morning appts, Med hist, Eval vital signs, risk v. benefits, chair position, short stress free appts, max .039 epi, No NSAIDS, Dry mouth and oral lesions, stronger gag reflex

Back 34

Dental Considerations for cardiovascular disease