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63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. memory 2. terminal drop |
cognitive changes |
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memory impaired |
short > long term |
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refers to significant loss of intelligence |
terminal drop |
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seniscence stage |
terminal drop |
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interventions: 1. increase mental activity= use it or lose it (playing scrabbles, chess) 2. lifestyle changes= allow better adaptation to aging; increase social interaction |
cognitive changes: |
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1. vision 2. hearing 3. taste and smell 4. somatosensory 5. vestibular |
sensory changes: |
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vision in elderly |
declines with age |
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1. decrease pupillary reflex 2. decrease accomodations 3. decrease corneal reflex 4. decrease color discrimination 5. decrease oculomotor response (CN 2, 3) 6. increase sensitivity to glare |
vision changes: |
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decrease accomodations: |
light: constricts dark: dilate |
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decrease corneal reflex: |
increase risk of infections |
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decrease color discrimination: |
light & pastel blue & green *flooring should be high contrasts (blue, yellow, blue) |
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MC vision d/o of elderly |
senile cataracts |
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clouding of the lens |
senile cataracts |
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central -> outward |
senile cataracts |
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loss of central vision |
senile cataracts |
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reversible with surgery |
senile cataracts |
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increase intraocular pressure |
Glaucoma |
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optic disk & optic nerve |
Glaucoma |
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increase pressure goes outside or inside (during blinking) |
Glaucoma |
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tunnel vision (loss of peripheral vision) |
Glaucoma |
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age related far sightedness |
presbyopia |
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d/t lack of elasticity of the lens |
presbyopia |
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damage to retinal capillaries |
diabetic retinopathy |
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damage d/y sluggish blood flow |
DM |
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loss of central vision |
macular degeneration |
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progressive (worsens) |
macular degeneration |
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area under the retina responsible for detail & sharpness of an image (clarity) |
macula |
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1. conductive hearing loss 2. sensorineural hearing loss |
HEARING CHANGES: |
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mechanical part of the ear |
conductive hearing loss |
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ottosclerosis, impaired uromen |
conductive hearing loss |
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damage/degeneration of the cochlear N. (CN 8) |
sensorineural hearing loss |
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presbycusis |
sensorineural hearing loss |
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age related loss of hearing |
presbycusis |
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bilateral sensorineural hearing loss |
presbycusis |
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reduce auditory comprehension & discrimination |
presbycusis |
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1. decrease sensitivity to taste (saltier) 2. decrease enjoyment, decrease appetite 3. increase reliance on taste enhancers (salt, magi) 4. increase risk for home safety (spoiled food) |
taste & smell |
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1. decrease sensitivity to touch 2. increase threshold= pain, vibration, & proprioception |
somatosensory changes: |
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1. meniere's disease 2. BPPV |
vestibular changes: |
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degeneration of CN 8 |
meniere's disease |
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tinnitus, fullness of ear, vomiting |
meniere's disease |
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vertigo associated with head motion |
BPPV |
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1. tinetti POMA 2. Berg balance scale 3. functional reach test 4. TUG (timed, get up & go) |
BPPV assessment tools: (risk for falls) |
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performance oriented mobility assessment |
tinetti POMA (BPPV) |
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tinetti POMA (BPPV) moderate risk |
19-24 |
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tinetti POMA (BPPV) low risk |
25-28 |
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tinetti POMA (BPPV) high risk |
<19 |
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5 point scale |
berg balance scale |
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vestib, elderly, stroke pt. |
berg balance scale |
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good predictor for falls |
berg balance scale |
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0-4 grade |
berg balance scale |
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berg balance scale low risk |
41-56 |
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berg balance scale moderate |
21-40 |
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berg balance scale high risk |
<=20 |
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landmark: 3rd MCP |
functional reach test |
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at the point where pt can hold |
functional reach test |
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if < 10 inches = high risk |
functional risk test |
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3 meters, seated position, stop watch |
TUG (timed get up & go) [BPPV] |
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TUG (timed get up & go) [BPPV] general low risk |
<20 |
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TUG (timed get up & go) [BPPV] general high risk |
>30 |
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TUG (timed get up & go) [BPPV] normal healthy individuals |
<10 s |
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TUG (timed get up & go) [BPPV] age-related (N) elderly |
11-29 |
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TUG (timed get up & go) [BPPV]age-related elderly |
11-20 but 21-29 should have precautions |
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TUG (timed get up & go) [BPPV]age-related dependent ADL's |
>= 30 |
