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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Metamorphism is the transition of a rock into another by what two factors
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temperature(heat) and pressure.
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What will the texture of a rock become with enough heat and pressure?
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it will become stretchy like silly putty and if stretched far enough it will break.
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what is the most important factor in the metamorphism process?
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heat
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What happens to pressure the deeper you go into the Earth?
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It increases
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What types of rocks produce metamorphic rocks?
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Igneous, sedimentary, and other metamorphic rocks.
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How does metamorphism progress incrementally?
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low-grade to high-grade
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During metamorphism what form must the rock remain in?
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solid
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What type of metamorphism is driven by a rise in temperature within the host rock?
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contact or thermal metamorphism
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What type of metamorphism is driven by the chemical alterations from hot, ion-rich water
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Hydrothermal metamorphism
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Which type of metamorphism produces the greatest volume of metamorphic rock?
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regional metamorphism
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Which type of metamorphism occurs during mountain building
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regional metamorphism
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Which type of metamorphism forms rocks usually display zones of contact and/or hydrothermal metamorphism
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regional metamorphism
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When the use of heat results in new, stable minerals.
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Recrystallization
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What are the two sources of heat?
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contact metamorphism and and increase in temperature with depth due to the geothermal gradient..
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what type of heat comes from magma?
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contact metamorphism
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foliation
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any planar arrangement of mineral grains or structural features within a rock.
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schistosity
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platy minerals are discernible with the unaided eye and exhibit a planar of layered structure (schist)
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gneissic
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during higher grades of metamorphism, ion migration results in the segregation of minerals. exhibit a distinctive anded appearance.
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types of metamorphic rocks
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slate, phylite, schist, gneiss, marble, quartzite
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slate
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FOLIATED very fine grained, excellentrock cleavage, most often generated from low-grade metamorphism of shale, mudstone, or slitstone.
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phyllite
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FOLIATED gradation in the degree of metamorphism between slate and schist, platy minerals not large enough to be identified with the unaided eye, glossy sheen and wavy surfaces, exhibits rock cleavage, and composed mainly of fine crystals of muscovite and chlorite, wavy appearance.
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schist
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FOLIATED medium to coarse-grained, platy minerals, doesn't align enough to show bands.
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gneiss
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FOLIATED medium to coarse grained, banded appearance, high-grade metamorphism, often composed of white or light colored feldspar rich layers with bands of dark ferromagnesian minerals
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Foliated metamorphic rocks
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slate, phyllite, schist, gneiss
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Nonfoliated metamorphic rocks
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Marble, Quartzite
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Marble
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coarse, crystalline, parent rock with limestoe or dolostone, composed essentially of calcite or dolomite crystals, used as decorative and monument stone, exhibits a variety of color.
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Quartzite
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formed from a parent rock of quartz-rich sandstone, quartz grains are fused (not melted) together.
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Contact or thermal metamorphism
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result from a rise in temparature when magma invades a host rodk, a zone of alteration called an aureole forms in the rock surrounding the magma, most easily recognized when it occurs at the surface, or in a near-surface environment.
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hydrothermal metamorphism
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chemical alteration caused when hot, ion rich fluids called hydrothermal solutions, circulate through fissures and cracks that develop in rock, most widespread along the axis of the mid ocean ridge system
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regional metamorphism
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produces the greates quanity of metamorphic rock, and is associated with mountain building through plates colliding
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