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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who created the theory of Plate Tectonics?
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Alfred Wegener
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What is the name of the super continent that was suggested to have come together?
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Pangaea
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What do convergent plate boundaries do?
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come together
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How fast do convergent plate boundaires come together?
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a few cm a year, or about an inch a year
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What do transform plate boundaries do?
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slide past each other
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The San Andreas fault is caused by what two plates?
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the Pacific plate sliding past the North American plate
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How fast is the San Andreas fault moving?
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about 6 cm a year
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What type of plate boundary is the San Andreas fault?
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a transform plate boundary
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What do divergent plates do?
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pull apart from each other
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How fast do the plates pull apart in the Atlantic Ocean?
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about 2 cm a year
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What type of plate boundary exists at MORs?
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a divergent plate boundary
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Which specific types of plates are found at MORs?
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ocean to ocean typically. they rarely run through a continent
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How long is the Mid-Oceanic Ridge?
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50,000 miles long
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How old are the oldest rocks on the seafloor?
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200 million years
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How old are the youngest rocks on the seafloor?
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current-the present
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A rift zone is the continental equivalent to what?
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an MOR
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What happens when a rift zone is finally made?
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a body of water will form and so will an MOR
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What is a rift zone?
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a continental plate being broken apart into 2 pieces
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What plates are associated with the Andes Mtn. Range?
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Nazca plate under the South American plate
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What plates are associated with the Cascade Mtn. Range?
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the Juan de Fuca plate under the North American plate
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What plates are associated with the Marianas Trench?
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the Pacific plate under the Philippine plate
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How deep is the Marianas trench?
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35,797 ft
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What plates are associated with the Himalayas?
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the Indian plate converging head on with the Eurasian plate
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What specific geologic features did the mapping of the ocean floor reveal?
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MORs and deep sea trenches
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Who mapped the ocean floor?
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Harry Hess
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How does the sea floor pull apart?
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magma continuously wells upward at ridges in opposite directions
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Where are theoldest rocks on the sea floor located?
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at continent edges
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Where are the youngest rocks on the sea floor located?
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by MORs
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What is the average time between magnetic reversals?
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250,000 years
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When was the most recent magnetic reversal?
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780, 000 years ago
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What is magnetic striping?
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the periodic reversal of the magnetic field
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Why is magnetic striping valuable to dating the ocean floor?
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geologists are able to collect and determine the magnetic properties and ages of rocks
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Along where are deep sea trenches located?
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along the Ring of Fire
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What is the Marianas Trench famous for?
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the deepest place on Earth
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What is the Challenger Deep?
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the deepest depression oint on earth
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How deep is the Challenger deep?
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35,797 mi
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What is the significance of the island arc chains when compared to trenches?
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trenches usually are in an arc form along arced islands
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What is the asthenosphere?
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a layer of heated rock that generates the lava from volcanoes
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