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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Amount of weight applied per unit area is known as _____, and the amount of weight applied per every square inch of a given body is known as _____.
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Pressure, Confining Pressure
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Upfolds with the oldest rock in the middle are known as _____, and downfolds with the youngest rocks in the midde are known as _____.
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Anticlines, Synclines
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Premeable rock layers that conduct water are known as _____.
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Aquifers
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The point on Earths surface directly above where an earthquake originates is known as the _____.
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Epicenter
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The underground origin of an earthquake in bedrock is known as the _____.
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Focus
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Surface depressions formed by the collapse of caves or other large underground void spaces are known as _____.
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Sinkholes
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A distinctive topography that indicates dissolution of underlying soluble rock, generally limestone, is described as_____.
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Karst Topography
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Lines of equal elevation are called what?
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Contour Lines
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The difference between magnetic north and true north is called what?
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Declination
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What is GPS?
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Global Positioning System
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The episodic release of energy that occurs along fault lines strain the bedrock like a person jumping on a diving board. This strain produces elastic waves of vibration and shaking known as _____.
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Seismic Waves
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The time between the actual earthquake and the first measured seismic waves is known as _____.
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Travel Time
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A rock rich in organic matter which, if heated sufficiently, will generate oil or gas is known as _____.
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Source Rock
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A relatively impermeable rock, commonly shale, anhydrate or salt, that forms a barrier or cap above and around reservoir rock such that fluids cannot migrate beyond the reservoir is known as _____.
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Seal
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Movement of hydrocarbons from the source rock is known as _____.
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Migration
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Name the three different seismic waves.
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P-Waves, S-Waves, Love Waves
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The upper surface of the zone of groundwater saturation is known as _____.
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Water Table
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Why use vertical exaggeration?
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When horizontal scale is not the same as vertical scale.
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Why would you take a compass bearing?
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"line up" with a known location
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The compass bearing of a line formed by the intersection of an inclined plane and a horizontal plane is known as _____.
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Strike
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All minerals have different melting poitns. So when heating a rock comprised of several different kinds of mineral crystals, one part of the rock will melt before another part. Geologists call this _____.
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Partial Melting
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The gradient of increasing temperature with depth is called _____.
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Geothermal Gradient
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A geographic structure or a stratigraphic feature that allows the accumulation of hydrocarbons is known as _____.
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Trap
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Breaks in rock units along which movement has occured are known as _____.
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Faults
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The angle between an inclined plane and a horizontal plane is known as _____.
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Dip Angle
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