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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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continental drift hypothesis
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This was based on geologic, paleontologic, and climatologic evidence. Wegener stated that a single supercontinent, Pangaea, broke apart and became today’s continent.
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Gondwana
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was a southern super continent that existed about 500 to 200 Ma ago. Gondwana included most of the landmasses in today's southern hemisphere, including Antarctica, South America, Africa, Madagascar, Australia-New Guinea, and New Zealand, as well as Arabia and the Indian subcontinent, which are in the Northern Hemisphere.
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Continental Fit
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Wegener proposed that the similarities between the Atlantic coastlines of Africa and South America suggest that the two continents were at one point joined together as a supercontinent that subsequently split apart
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Similarity of Rock Sequences and Mountain Ranges
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Marine, nonmarine, and glacial rock sequences of Pennsylvanian to Jurassic age are almost identical on all five Gondwana continents. (South America, Africa, India, Australia, and Antarctica)
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Glacial Evidence
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Glacial deposits and striations indicate that massive glaciers covered large areas of the Gondwana continents during the late Paleozoic Era
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Fossil Evidence
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Fossil remains of plant and animal found today on the widely separated continents of South America, Africa, India, Australia, and Antarctica provide strong evidence for continental drift
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Polar Wandering
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apparent movement of the magnetic poles through time.
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Plate tectonics
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considered a unifying theory of geology because it explains how many geologic features, processes, and events are interrelated
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Hot spot
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location on the Earth’s surface where a stationary column of magma, originating deep within the mantle ( mantle plume), has slowly risen to the surface and formed a volcano
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The Emperor Seamount- Hawaiian Island
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chain formed as a result of the Pacific plate moving over a mantle plume.
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