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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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a mineral (four characteristics)
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naturally occuring (formed by earth's processes)
homogenous (pure) solid (retain shape) inorganic (can't be biogenic) |
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crystal
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when a mineral grows without interference from other minerals and develops a geometric shape
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grain
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irregular piece of mineral
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physical properties of minerals
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luster
color hardness crystal habit specific gravity breakage (cleavage or fracture) |
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igneaous rocks
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form through the cooling and solidification of moletn rock (magma)
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sedimentary rocks
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form at or near the surface of the earth because
1. when grains of preexisting rock accumulate, are buried, and cemented together by minerals 2. when minerals precipitate out of water; through life functions aka weathering or evaporation/precipitation |
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metamorphic rock
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form when preexisting rocks are subjected to phsical and chemical conditions within earth
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coarse grained
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grains large enough to identify minerals
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medium grained
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individual grains visible but too small to identify
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The form number for the Simplified Acquisition Summary is
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DHS 700.16
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1
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equant grain shape
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same diminsion in all directions (cubes/spheres)
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inequant grain shape
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the dimension in different directions (rods/sheets/ovals/irregular)
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extrusive igneous rock
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rock that forms from solidified lava or ash
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intrusive igneous rock
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magma that solidifies underground
massive blobs=plutons massive plutons= batholiths |
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dikes and sills
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dikes- intrusions that form thin sheets
cutting across layering in the wall rock sills- intrusions that form thin sheets parallel to the layers of wall rock |
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relationship between cooling rate and grain size
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smaller grains = cools faster
glassy rocks cool fastest |
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phaneritic texture and aphanitic texture
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phaneritic = coarse grains
aphanitic = fine grains |
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pegmatitic
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LARGE Grains (intrusive)
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porphyritic
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few large grains in a finer grained mass
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fragmental / pyroclastic
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many different grains, rocks, and glass shards welded together
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partial melting
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magma is formed by partial melting of preexisiting rock, not COMPLETE melting
**partial melting produces a magma that is more felsic |
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magmatic differentiation/fractional crystallization
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early formed minerals may seperate from a magma (sinking) because they are denser
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assimilation
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as magma rises it adds ions by melting surrounding rocks
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magma mixing
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some intermediate rocks form when felsic and mafic magmas mix
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igneous rocks at
subzones oceanic hot spots mid ocean ridges ocean floors continental rift zones continents |
sub- basalt, rhyolite, granite
hot- basalt mor- basalt ofloors- basalt rift- basalt rhyolite continents- granite, rhy, basalt |
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