Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Three types of rocks
|
Igneous, Sedimetary, Metamorphic
|
|
|
|
what are the two names used for all three classes/types of rocks?
|
texture, composition
|
|
|
|
Igneous rocks form from what?
|
Magma
|
|
|
|
What is Magma?
|
Molten rock, that is hot liquid
|
|
|
|
Where does magma come from?
|
deep from within the lithosphere
|
|
|
|
what do the rocks from magma do?
|
crystalize
|
|
|
|
what are the two types of texture?
|
Phaneritic, Aphanitic
|
|
|
|
What is Phaneritic?
|
course, easily visible crystals
|
|
|
|
What is Aphanitic?
|
fine grained crystals, not visible to the naked eye
|
|
|
|
most igneous rocks are?
|
Phaneritic
|
|
|
|
Plutonic or intrusive are what type of rock?
|
Phaneritic
|
|
|
|
where do Phaneritic rocks form?
|
underground
|
|
|
|
How do plutonic or intrusive rocks form?
|
slowly
|
|
|
|
what is the result of a plutonic or intrusive rock?
|
visible grain, slow cooling process, grains take time to form
|
|
|
|
Extrusive rocks are?
|
Aphanitic
|
|
|
|
What is extrusive?
|
forms on the surface,or shallow, grains take time to form so cooled Quickly
|
|
|
|
wheather formed on the surface or deep, Igneous rocks are classified by composition. What are the four types of composition?
|
Felsic, Intermediate, Mafic, Ultramafic
|
|
|
|
What is felsic rich in?
|
silica
|
|
|
|
what is ultramafic poor in?
|
silica
|
|
|
|
what are the most common types of Felsic Igneous Rocks?
|
Quartz and Two types of Feldspars
|
|
|
|
What type of rock is highest in silica tetrahedra?
|
Felsic Igneous Rocks
|
|
|
|
Granite is?
|
felsic, Phaneritic (course grained),
Light in color, have alot of varieties |
|
|
|
Rhyolite is?
|
felsic, Aphanitic (fine grained), few visible crystals, light colored.
would be granite if cooled longer. |
|
|
|
Mafic rocks are made up of what two minerals?
|
magnesium and iron
|
|
|
|
Mafic rocks are low in?
|
silica
|
|
|
|
Name a couple diff Mafic rocks
|
Gabbro, Basalt
|
|
|
|
Intermediate falls between what to compositions?
|
felsic and mafic
|
|
|
|
Intermediate is defined in the number of?
|
silica tetrahedra and degree of connectedness
|
stc
|
|
|
two names of intermediate rocks
|
Diorite, Andesite
|
|
|
|
WHat is Ultramafic?
|
beyond mafic
|
|
|
|
do Ultramafic rocks have feldspars?
|
NONE at all
|
|
|
|
What is the earths mantle made of?
|
Peridotite,
|
|
|
|
The different classes of igneous rock grade into each other.
Classes are defined by what? |
Abundance of different minerals
|
|
|
|
What is intrusion?
|
rocks were squeezed into a volume where rock is already
|
|
|
|
Dikes and Sill are?
|
Small, Shallow
|
|
|
|
Name the Three types of dykes and sills?
|
Plutons, Batholiths, Laccoliths
|
|
|
|
Dikes are ____ ____ of igneous rock
|
vertical walls
|
|
|
|
Sills are ____ ____ of igneous rock
|
horizontal layers
|
|
|
|
Plutons are ___ bodies of igneous rock
|
Large
|
|
|
|
Plutons are defined by?
|
Size only, less than a 100 sq mi.
|
|
|
|
Batholith is smaller or larger than a pluton?
|
Larger
|
|
|
|
Diapirs rise and each diapir forms a?
|
Pluton
|
|
|
|
Many plutons form a?
|
Batholith
|
|
|
|
The greater the pressure the higher the?
|
Melting Temperature
|
|
|
|
The more the water the?
|
Lower the melting Temperature
|
|
|
|
Magma can loose ____ as it moves
|
Water
|
|
|
|
What temp can felsic magmas form at?
|
700 C
|
|
|
|
What temp can mafic magmas form at?
|
1200 C
|
|
|
|
Can the composition of magma change when it moves?
|
Yes
|
|
|
|
What are Hot Spots?
|
Places on earth where magma is coming from the mantle
|
|
|
|
Batholith is smaller or larger than a pluton?
|
Larger
|
|
|
|
Diapirs rise and each diapir forms a?
|
Pluton
|
|
|
|
Many plutons form a?
|
Batholith
|
|
|
|
The greater the pressure the higher the?
|
Melting Temperature
|
|
|
|
The more the water the?
|
Lower the melting Temperature
|
|
|
|
Magma can loose ____ as it moves
|
Water
|
|
|
|
What temp can felsic magmas form at?
|
700 C
|
|
|
|
What temp can mafic magmas form at?
|
1200 C
|
|
|
|
Can the composition of magma change when it moves?
|
Yes
|
|
|
|
What are Hot Spots?
|
Places on earth where magma is coming from the mantle
|
|
|
|
Rock comes from the mantle and therefore is?
|
Mafic
|
|
|
|
Where does magma come from?
|
deep in th earth
|
|
|
|
What are Hot Spots?
|
places on the earth where magma is coming from the mantle
|
|
|
|
Magma chambers occur at?
|
Hot Spots, Divergent and Convergent boundaries
|
|
|
|
Convergent Boundaries Def
|
one plate is subducted under another
|
|
|
|
What is released from subducted plate?
|
Water
|
|
|
|
What does Water cause overlying rock to do when released from the subducted plate?
|
Melt
|
|
|
|
Minerals found in felsic rock melt at High or Low temps?
|
Lower
|
|
|
|
Minerals found in Mafic and ultramafic rocks melt at Higher or Lower temps?
|
Higher
|
|
|
|
What is a rock called when the earliest formed minerals start to crystalize?
|
Mafic
|
|
|
|
partially crystalizing the rock produces mafic minerals, leaving behind magma that is?
|
felsic
|
|
|
|
Hot, rising magma will also melt the cooler rocks it encounters on the way up called?
|
Assimilation
|
|
|
|
What does the magma that passes through crust become?
|
More Felsic
|
|
|
|
More Felsic minerals will do what when the magma encounters it?
|
Melt first
|
|
