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74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Geology came from 2 words |
-Geo/Ge (Earth) -Logos (Discourse) |
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Age of the Earth |
4.55 B years |
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total set of circumstances that affects an individual or community |
Environment |
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Physical Effects of Environment |
Growth and Development |
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Social and Cultural Effects of Environment |
Behavior |
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Application of Geologic principles and knowledges to problems created by man's occupancy & exploration of the physical environment |
Environmental Geology |
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Studies included in Environmental Geology |
-natural hazards -landscape evaluation -earth materials -hydrologic processes -geologic processes |
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Natural events that threatens life of man and its properties |
Natural Hazards |
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Natural events that results in death, injury, lost of property |
Natural Disaster |
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Applications of Environmental Geology |
1. help solve conflicts in land use 2. minimize environmental degradation 3. maximize the beneficial results of using our natural and modified environment |
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The way we perseve and respond to our natural environment |
Environmental Awareness |
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_________ assumes that we are the land's ________ and _______, not its _______ |
Land Ethics Citizens Protectors Conquerors |
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We have a moral obligation to the present and future Earth community to preserve and protect the environment |
Environmental Ethics |
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Causes of Environmental Crisis |
A. Overpopulation B. Urbanization and little regard for thr land C. Industrialization D. Inadequate Institutions to cope with environmental stress |
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Environmental Crisis is produced as a result of these two: |
1. demands made on the diminishing resources by a growing human pipulation 2. ever increasing production of waste |
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Human Population is growing at an exponential rate |
Population Growth |
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Implications of Population Growth |
A. Shortages (minerals, food supply) B. Change in Global environment (Deforestation, Desertification) C. Pollution D. Global Warming |
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As people become _____, population growth is _____. |
Educated; Reduced |
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A concept that explains: ensures that the future generations have equal opportunity to the resources that our planet offers |
Sustainability |
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Careful management and wide us of the planet and its resources |
Sustainable Global Economy |
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is any defined part of the universe selected for study |
Systems |
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"Everything affects everything else" |
Principle of Environmental Utility |
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new term for Garbage |
Discard |
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Conecept which explains: earth is the only suitablr habitat we have, and its resources are limited. |
Limitation of Resources |
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Same processes that happened, will also happen. "The present is the key to the past" |
Uniformitarianism |
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Science of the earth |
-materials -processes -products |
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Systemic way of solving problems |
Scientific Method |
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Criteria in Diamond's pricing |
Cut Carat Clarity Color |
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Also known as Peridot |
Olivine |
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Criteria for a compund to be considered a MINERAL |
-naturally occuring -homogeneous -inorganic -solid that possesses and ordered atomic arrangement -definite chemical composition that may vary within specified limits |
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Criteria for a compund to be considered a MINERAL |
-naturally occuring -homogeneous -inorganic -solid that possesses and ordered atomic arrangement -definite chemical composition that may vary within specified limits |
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Naturally occuring AMORPHOUS substance |
Mineraloid |
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Regularly shaped objects that reflect the orderly arrangement of atoms |
Crystals |
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Closest mineral to "kryptonite"; found in Jadar Mine |
Jadarite |
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Basis of mineral names |
1. Place 2. Name of the person who discovered it 3. Random Computer name |
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Mineral name of Rust |
Hematite |
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Mineral name of Salt |
Halite |
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External form of a mineral's internal orderly arrangement |
Crystal Form |
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Appearance or quality and intensity of light reflected from the surface of a mineral |
Luster |
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A phenomenon of the reflection of light within the visible spectrum |
Color |
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Corundum + Cr |
Ruby |
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Corundum + Ti/Fe |
Sapphire |
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Yellow quartz |
Citrine |
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Purple Quartz |
Amethyst |
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Pink Quartz |
Rose |
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Color of a mineral in its powdered or pulverized form |
Streak |
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Color of Hematite |
Red to Black |
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Streak of Hematite |
Reddish Brown/Indian red |
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Color and Streak of Limonite |
Brown; Yellow |
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Color and Streak of Pyrite (fool's gold) |
Gold; Black |
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Measure of the resistance of mineral to abraision/scratching |
Hardness |
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Color is constant |
Idiochromatic |
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Color is exotic or may vary |
Allochromatic |
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Characteristic tendency of minerals to break, split/separate easily along planes of weak bonding |
Cleavage |
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Refers to the tendency of minerals to break other than along the planes of weakness |
Fracture |
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Types of Fracture |
-Conchoidal -Splintery -Irregular |
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Resistance of a mineral to breakage |
Tenacity |
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Types of Tenacity |
-Malleability -Ductility -Flexibility -Elasticity |
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Other name for Magnetite |
Lodestone (Bato Balani) |
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Ability of a mineral to break light beams |
Double Refraction |
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Most common Silicate |
Quartz |
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Most abundant Silicate |
K Feldspar |
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8 most abundant element on Earth's Crust |
O, Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Na, K, Mg |
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Common Rock Forming Felsic Minerals |
-Quartz -Feldspar |
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Common Rock Forming Mafic Minerals |
-Olivine -Mica -Pyroxene -Amphibole |
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Fel + sic |
Feldspar + Silica |
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Ma + Fic |
Magnesium + Iron |
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Naturally formed, consolidated materials composed of minerals, organic matter, rock fragments, glass, or a combination of any of these |
Rock |
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study ofEarth that deals with the origin, structure, occurrence, and history of the rocks |
Petrology |
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Origin of the word Petrology |
-Petros/Petra (Rocks) -Logos (Discourse) |
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formed by crystallization and solidification of molten rock |
Igneous Rocks |
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hot, mobile, molten silicate mass |
Magma |
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Genetic Classification of Igneous Rocks |
-Extrusive (Volcanic) -Intrusive (Plutonic) |
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igneous rock that form when molten rock solidifies at the surface; fast rate of cooling |
Extrusive (Volcanic) |
