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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Over the last 65 million years the Earth’s climate has
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Cooled
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During what period did permanent ice sheets appear in the Antarctica
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Oligocene
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What is or are the factors that drive climate changes
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Changes in the Earth’s orbital geometry and Plate Tectonics
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What is the primary source of data that enable the reconstruction of the Cenozoic climate history?
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Marine sediments
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What information come from the oxygen isotope data
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Temperature and Ice volume (the amount of ice at the poles)
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The opening of the oceanic gateway and the thermal isolation of Antarctica resulted in
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Global cooling
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What time period had the highest level of atmospheric CO2
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51 to 52 million years ago
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What events resulted in increasing temperatures in the Paleocene
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Rapid rate of sea floor spreading and Volcanism in Asia
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What is the consequence of decrease rate of sea floor spreading in the Eocene
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Decrease in Atmospheric C02 and Global temperatures cool
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What happened during Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) AKA Late Paleocene Thermal Maximum
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Global temperatures rapidly increase, The acid content of the ocean increased, and Atmospheric greenhouse gases increased
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For nearly ___________ years Carbon Dioxide and Methane atmospheric gas concentration were stable and in last _____ years the concentration of gases has increased
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10,000 ………… 200
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At ground level ozone is an ______________ and in the upper atmosphere ozone ______________
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Air Pollutant ………… protects the earth from UV radiation
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As Earth’s albedo _________________ global temperatures _________
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Increases-decreases and increases-increases
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Anthropogenic changes to the atmosphere causes ____________ temperature changes, however the overall effect results in a/an _________________
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Positive and negative ………… increase in global temperatures
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Atmospheric increases in carbon dioxide gas come from the _____ _________ and Methane increases result from ________________.
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Burning of fossil fuels ………… agriculture and land use change practices
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What continent has shown the greatest increases in average annual temperature?
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Asia
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How does the decrease in sea ice effect global climates?
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Decrease is global albedo thus the Earth warms.
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What part of the world has experiences the greatest change in climate?
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Arctic
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Long proxy records (10,000s to 100,000s years) of changes in temperature and atmospheric gas concentrations can be found in.
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Ice Cores
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What statement or statements are true about the effects of increasing clouds (water vapor) on the climate change?
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There is a great deal of uncertainty surrounding the over effects of clouds on climate change.
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All but which of the following are factors in the Milankovitch theory of glacial growth and retreat.
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the speed of Earth's rotation
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What is the consequence of increasing the angle of earth’s tilt?
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more intense seasonal differences, for example hotter summer and colder winter
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Confirmation that change is the three orbital parameters can cause the growth and retreat of glaciers came from ___________ and an analysis of the __________________.
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Marine cores ------- Oxygen Isotopes in foraminifera
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The oceans play an important role in climate changes because the oceans hold _____________ as the atmosphere
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60 times as much carbon dioxide
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During the last glacial maximum, mountain glacier grew
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Tropics, Southern temperate latitudes, and Northern temperate latitudes
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Oxygen isotopes in seawater closely tracks the proportion of the world's water that is locked up in glaciers. When glacier grow -----
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There is a higher the proportion of oxygen 18 in the sea water
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When there is more ice, then there is an/a _____________ and the earth ___________.
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Increase in albedo ________ cools
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The Younger Dryas climatic event resulted in _________________ and ______________ Atlantic "conveyor,"
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Global cooling ____ shut-down of the
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During the last glacial maximum the ocean circulation was different from today
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TRUE
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Glaciers advance when
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More snow accumulates in winter than melts in during cooler summers.
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