Geology 1114 Lab Midterm

Front 1

Divergent

Back 1

Plates are created and spread apart.

Front 2

Convergent

Back 2

Two plates come together - Plates are destroyed - The edge of one plate subducts (descends beneath the edge of another plate) back into the mantle.

Front 3

Transform Boundaries

Back 3

Plates slide past one another - plates are neither created or destroyed.

Front 4

Mohs Hardness Scale

Back 4

Talc -1

Gypsum - 2

Calcite - 3

Fluorite - 4

Apatite - 5

Orthoclase - 6

Quartz - 7

Topaz - 8

Corundum - 9

Diamond - 10

Front 5

Streak plate

Back 5

6.5

Front 6

Glass, masonry nail, knife blade

Back 6

5.5

Front 7

Wire (iron) nail

Back 7

4.5

Front 8

Brass (wood screw, washer)

Back 8

3.5

Front 9

Copper coin (penny)

Back 9

2.9

Front 10

Fingernail

Back 10

2.5

Front 11

Texture

Back 11

A description of the grains and other parts of a rock and their size, shape, and arrangement.

Front 12

Glassy

Back 12

No visible grains, and break along wavy, curved glossy surfaces - just like a broken glass bottle.

Front 13

Fine-grained

Back 13

Rocks made mostly of grains that are barely visible and too small to identify even when magnified with a hand lend (grains generally < 1 mm in diameter)

Front 14

Coarse - grained

Back 14

Refers to rocks made mostly of grains that are visible and large enough to identify with either a hand lens or your unaided eyes (grains generally > 1 mm in diameter)

Front 15

Vesicular

Back 15

Rocks with round or oval holes, called vesicles, that resemble the holes in a sponge or Swiss cheese. The holes are bubbles or volcanic gases that bubbled through the lava that cooled to make the rock before the bubbles could escape.

Front 16

Cystalline

Back 16

Textures refer to fine- and coarse- grained rocks in which the grains are intergrown mineral crystals that glitter when rotated in bright light.

Front 17

Clastic

Back 17

Texture means that the rock is mostly made of clasts (fragments; broken pieces) of minerals or other rocks (a rock made mostly of plant fragments or broken or separated bones and shells is called bioclastic).

Front 18

Metamorphic Rocks

Back 18

Front 19

Very Angular

Back 19

Front 20

Subangular

Back 20

Front 21

Subround

Back 21

Front 22

Well-rounded

Back 22

Front 23

Bituminous Coal

Back 23

Texture - Black, layered, brittle; may be sooty or birght

Very angular

Front 24

Chalk

Back 24

Texture - silty, Earth rock comprised of the microscopic shells of calcareous phytoplankton (microfossils); may contain a few visible fossils

Front 25

Conglomerate

Back 25

Texture - Mostly subround and/or well rounded gravel (grains larger than 2 mm)

Front 26

Peat

Back 26

Texture - Brown porous rock with visible plant fragments that are easily broken apart from one another.

Front 27

Siltstone

Back 27

Texture - breaks into blocks or layers.

mostly silt. May contain fossils.

Front 28

Travertine

Back 28

Texture - masses of visible crystals and/or microcrystalline; may have cavities, pores, or color banding; usually light colored.

Front 29

Coquina

Back 29

Texture - mostly gravel-sized shells and shell or coral fragments.

Front 30

Oolitic limestone

Back 30

Texture - mostly spherical grains that resemble miniature pearls (<2 mm), called ooliths or ooids.

Front 31

Obsidian

Back 31

Texture - Glassy

Front 32

Gabbro

Back 32

Phaneritic; Coarse - grained.

Front 33

Diorite

Back 33

Phaneritic

Front 34

Scoria

Back 34

Vesicular

Front 35

Basalt

Back 35

Aphanitic

Front 36

Rhyolite

Back 36

Aphanitic

Front 37

Porphyritic Andesite

Back 37

Phaneritic