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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A FEG stands for _____________ |
flying electric generator |
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Which sector of US society CONSUMES the most freshwater? |
agriculture |
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The ____ _____ in the Gulf of Mexico is a vast area of water pollution caused by agricultural runoff from the Mississippi River |
Dead Zone |
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_____ is when pollutants multiply their effects |
Synergism |
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The ____ horizon is usually found on the soil surface |
O
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The _____ _______ used massive amounts of fertilizer and other chemical inputs to raise crop production |
Green Revolution
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________ is water pollution caused by large amounts of nutrients that cause rapid growth of algae |
Eutrophication
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HIPO refers to the 4 causes of extinction, what are they? |
habitat loss, introduced species, pollution, over hunting
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____ is a mineral deposit that is concentrated far above its natural concentrations in the rock |
ore
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______ water is "recycled" water from bath tubs and sinks |
gray
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_____ is the fastest growing renewable energy |
wind
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wind energy uses wind turbine which means |
wind = electricity |
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where is wind energy found |
1 in homes
2 industrial -big, many stories (1,000 houses) |
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wind farm |
clustard together which is more economical |
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3 best places to put wind farms |
1 oceans
2 mountains 3 great planes |
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negatives of wind energy |
1 aesthetics
2 birds |
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solar energy is _____ |
limitless |
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what are 2 ways to harness solar energy |
1 solar panels (made of silicon quarts) 2 thermal (passive thermal) |
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negatives of solar energy |
LAND COVER |
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what is the future of solar energy |
places that are already covered (roof tops) |
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what percent of knox is covered w roof tops |
3.5 |
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photovolatic energy |
converts light energy into electricity |
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negawatts |
energy conservation is not only CHEAPER than investing in new energy, it immediately reduces greenhouse gas emissions |
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why is biodiversity important |
1 future change- essential for progress 2 aesthetics |
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how is biodiversity measured |
species per acre - called species richness |
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how many species r on the planet? |
3-50 million |
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how many species have been described |
2 million |
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what are the 4 causes of extinction |
1 habitat loss - #1 cause 2 introduced species - fastest growing cause 3 pollution 4 over hunting |
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why is biodiversity important? |
1 ethical value 2 economical value 3 emotional value 4 ecological function 5 evolutionary value |
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nature deficit |
cut ourselves off from nature |
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extirpation |
disappearance of a particular population but not the entire species globally |
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process of extinction MVP |
minimal viable population size is an estimate of the number of individuals required for a high probability of survival of a population over a given period of time |
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red list |
endangered species |
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what percent is extinct bc humans |
1 |
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what percent is on the red list |
25 |
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what two types of birds are extinct |
passenger pigeon and the Carolina parakeet both social breeders |
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what are the traits that promote extinction |
1 specialization 2 rare 3 large size 4 slow reproduction 5 behavior non- adaptive around humans |
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solutions / conservation approaches / economic incentives (2) |
*1 debt for nature swaps - an NGO raises $$ and offers to pay off debt for a developing country in exchange for parks, reserves, habitat production 2 conservation concession - an NGO offers $$ to a developing nations govt for a concession to some of its land - for conservation, rather than for resource extraction |
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wildlands project |
connect all parks |
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pollution is ______ |
too much of anything!!!! |
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nonpoint pollution |
come from difference sources (water and air) |
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mutagen |
causes changes in sperm or egg ((before baby is conceived )) |
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teratogen |
substance that causes birth defects (( after baby is conceived )) |
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micro pollutants are measured in |
ppm |
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chronic pollutants |
kill you in 20/30 years - long term |
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acute pollutants |
kill you quick (poison) |
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arsinagin causes of cancer |
cancer diet causes the most cancer - too much processes food/meat |
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LD 50 |
lethal dosage test the dosage where 50 percent of mice are dead |
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how many chemicals are there & how many have been tested |
70,000 chemicals and 1-2 percent tested |
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lower the LD 50 the ______ the chemical |
STRONGER |
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major problems of the lethal dosage test solutions |
1 mice have different biochemistry than humans 2 body size use bigger animals like monkeys |
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BCA benefit cost analysis |
if environmental cost / environmental benefits is less than 1 than you can do whatever cost is hard to judge benefit is easy to judge benefits outweigh cost |
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major laws to protect us from pollutants |
1970- clean air - regulate smoke stacks 1972 - clean water act 1973 - EPA created enforced laws 1973 - endangered species act |
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what percent of Americans get cancer |
50 |
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what percent of cancer is caused by environmental causes |
50 50 percent genetics |
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what is the number one environmental cause of cancer |
food/our diet |
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reserves |
are ore deposits that have been identified but not yet exploited |
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plate tectonics |
plays a major role in creating ore deposits there is a relationship between magmatic and metamorphic activity and the formation of ore depostits |
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low grade ore consequences |
more waste/pollution |
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what is the most important metal |
iron |
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mine tailing |
waste rock dug out of the mine, is permanently dumped outside and can create long-term environmental and health probs |
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surface mining |
quarrying strip mining open pit mining and draglines |
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we are consuming __ times faster than production |
6 |
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ways to conserve |
1 efficiency 2 reuse 3 recycling 4 substitution |
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soil formation |
1 mechanical weathering 2 chemical weathering |
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soil horizon |
from top o a b c d |
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effects of agriculture |
unstable and require constant human attention pioneer stage effects - monoculture and nutrient depletion irrigation effects - salinization and waterlogging |
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properties of water |
-expands when freezes -high boiling point -high specific heat -excellent solvent |
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what percent of water if fresh/salt |
96% salt 4 % fresh |
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ogallala aquifer |
shrinking due to agricultural activites |
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assignment 6 |
!!! |
