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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Physical Geography |
study of spatial and temporal processes which shape the physical characteristics |
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Earth's 4 spheres |
atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere |
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Systems |
inputs, actions, outputs, human-eath relation |
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Geologic time scale |
relative time/ absolute time |
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Principle of superposition |
relative position of rock strata |
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Principle of uniformitarianism |
"the present is the key to the past" |
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Concept of catastrophism |
certain changes in the earth's history were caused by catastrophes |
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Relief |
elevation of local landscapes, highest, lowest, average |
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Topography |
character and configuration of the earth's surface |
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Geomorphology |
study of the earth's surface features and the processes that shape them |
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Continental Drift |
theory that the crust of the earth is composed of a series of plates that float about on the denser underlying material |
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Evidence in support of the coastline drift |
coastline fit, geological fit, paleoclimatology, paleoglaciation, fossil correlation, paleomagnetism |
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Theory of Plate Techtonics |
general theory of lithosphere plates with their relative motions and boundary interactions |
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Plate boundaries- spreading (divergent) |
plates moving away from each other |
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Plate boundaries- converging |
plates move towards each other and collide |
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Plate boundaries- transform (transcurrent) |
Plates slide past each other, lithosphere is neither destroyed or created |
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Monocline |
one bend in rock strata |
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Syncline |
Bottom |
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Anticline |
Top |
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Fault |
plane or rock along witch there is motion of the rock mass on one side with respect to that of the other |
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Graben fault |
tension, a block that has dropped due to faulting |
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Horst fault |
compression, a block that was pushed upwards by faulting |
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Normal fault |
tension, two blocks of rock are pushed together by tension |
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Reverse or thrust fault |
compression, Hanging wall was pushed up along the footwall |
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Strike-slip or transcurrent fault |
lateral shearing, rock strata displaces mainly horizontal, parallel to the line of fault |
