Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
92 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Transferred from Britain to 13 colonies
|
metes-and-bounds system
|
|
|
metes and bounds system Uses local
|
geography, distances, and directions
|
|
|
Potential drawbacks of the metes-and-bounds system
|
-Markers may move or disappear
-Irregularly shaped properties can have complex boundaries -Not useful for large, unsettles regions |
|
|
what was to raise money and benefit veterans
|
Land ordinance of 1785
|
|
|
what Distributed new land west of colonies
|
land ordinance of 1785
|
|
|
Established the public land survey system
|
land ordinance of 1785
|
|
|
aka township-and-range system
|
Public Land Survey System
|
|
|
Township is __ sq. miles
|
36
|
|
|
Each ___has 36 sq. sections
|
township
|
|
|
Potential drawbacks of the metes-and-bounds system
|
• Markers may move or disappear
• Irregularly shaped properties can have complex boundaries • Not useful for large, unsettles regions |
|
|
To raise money; benefit veterans
|
Land ordinance of 1785
|
|
|
Distributed new land west of colonies
|
land ordinance of 1785
|
|
|
Established the public land survey system
|
land ordinance of 1785
|
|
|
aka township-and-range system
|
Public Land Survey System
|
|
|
Facilitated homesteading was before what year
|
1863
|
|
|
Homesteaders received __section
|
¼
|
|
|
Properties that have a narrow frontage along a stream, and extend away to a greater length
|
Long-lots, or arpent sections
|
|
|
Associated with French settlements
|
Long-lots, or arpent sections
|
|
|
What are the Internal Movements
|
• Moving westward
• Black exodus from the south • Rural-to-urban migration • Sun belt growth • Suburbanization |
|
|
More than half of Americans now live ___ of the Mississippi river
|
west
|
|
|
why did americans move westward back then
|
land( homesteading); mining booms
|
|
|
why do americans move westward now
|
scenery, recreation, retirement, high-tech jobs
|
|
|
___ century and earlier were concentrated in south
|
19th
|
|
|
1910-1960 the “Great Migration” north and west
|
black exodus from the south
|
|
|
what was the reason for the great migration
|
Mechanized farming in South and industrial jobs in large Northern cities
|
|
|
true or false: before 1970 more blacks leaving from South than moving to
|
false; moving to the south than leaving
|
|
|
why were more blacks before the 1970 moving to the south rather than leaving
|
• Civil Rights legislation
• Young people attracted to historically black colleges • Retirees returning |
|
|
true or false in 1800 5% of Americans were rural
|
false; urban
|
|
|
now, what percent of americans are urban?
|
79%
|
|
|
rural to urban migration Affected the NE earliest with _____
|
industrialization
|
|
|
Interior states then urbanized following _____
|
agriculture mechanization
|
|
|
in rural to urban migration Farms are becoming fewer, but larger; true or false
|
true
|
|
|
Southern states growing faster than Midwest and NE states is called what
|
sunbelt growth
|
|
|
southern states grow faster than which states?
|
midwest and northeast
|
|
|
why do southern states grow faster than the midwest and northeast states
|
• Air Conditioning
• Retirees • Immigration |
|
|
give an example of a city with a retirement community
|
sun city, AZ
|
|
|
in retirement communities, 39 thousand people are what percent >65 years old
|
80%
|
|
|
fastest growing metro area in the U.S.
|
Las Vegas:
|
|
|
Nevada's Population in 1990
|
1.2 million
|
|
|
Nevada's population now
|
2.5 million
|
|
|
People move to city’s outskirts
|
suburbanization
|
|
|
another name for suburbanization
|
urban sprawl
|
|
|
What are suburbs like?
|
o Lower pop. Density
o Single-family detached homes |
|
|
when did suburbanization began
|
1950s
|
|
|
why did suburbanization begin in the 1950s
|
• Pop. Boom after WWII
• Automobiles enables commuting Built at automobile scale |
|
|
Why build cul-de-sacs
|
-Maximizes oddly shaped tracts
-Buyers will pay 20% more. |
|
|
why will buyers pay 20% more for cul-de-sacs
|
• Cut off from other neighborhoods-safety
• Much less traffic |
|
|
most people commute to a larger city
|
Bedroom communities:
|
|
|
Comprised mainly of homes, schools, and retail stores (no industry of its own)
|
bedroom communities
|
|
|
what inhibits URBAN GEOGRAPHY
|
• Redlining
• Blockbusting • Urban decay • Gentrification |
|
|
Denying services to areas based upon racial composition
|
redlining
|
|
|
Realtors installed a fear of minorities
Whites sold low, fearing further home devaluation Realtors contrived a minority presence Whites sell cheaply to real estate agents, who re-sold at higher prices to minorities |
Blockbusting
|
|
|
When part of a city falls into disrepair through depopulation
|
Urban Decay
|
|
|
A direct result of suburbanization
|
Urban Decay
|
|
|
industries followed their workers to suburbs
|
suburbanization
|
|
|
Fewer people → less tax revenue is a result of
|
suburbanization
|
|
|
an example city that suffered urban decay
|
detroit
|
|
|
detriot's population declined >50% in last ___ years (
|
50
|
|
|
what was the numbers from detroit's loss of population
|
1.8 m. to 900k.
|
|
|
abandoned buildings; demolished to prevent crime; grass remains
|
Urban Prairie:
|
|
|
Movement of higher-income people into poor inner-cities leading to improvements in property
|
gentrification
|
|
|
gentrification happens ___
|
one house or block at a time
|
|
|
why does gentrification happen
|
o Inexpensive property close to downtown employment
o Access to cultural events, upscale restaurants, transportation hubs, so on… |
|
|
what makes gentrification controversial
|
Many lower-income people displaced
Class warfare (vandalism and arson) |
|
|
what brings new money into the city
|
Basic sector workers:
|
|
|
examples of basic sector workers
|
• Mining
• Agriculture • research • manufacturing |
|
|
who are responsible for the internal functioning of the city
|
non-basic sector workers
|
|
|
examples of non basic sector workers
|
grocers
restaurants auto mechanics |
|
|
how cities grow
|
multiplier effect
|
|
|
with ever basic worked added to the city about 2 non-basic workers also need to be added
|
multiplier effect:
|
|
|
true of false; Cities grow in population slower than they decline.
|
false; decline slower than they grow
|
|
|
why do Cities decline in population slower than they grow.
|
• People have developed ties to the community
• Financially unable to move |
|
|
Name the 4 different types if immigration
|
• To U.S.
• To Canada • Cultural Assimilation • Illegal Immigration |
|
|
phase one of immigration to the united states
|
before 1820- Mostly English and African
(English Colony; slavery) |
|
|
phase of immigration to the united states: 1870-1920- S. Europeans and Scandinavians
|
phase 2
|
|
|
phase 4 of immigration to the united states
|
1920-1970- Latin Americans
(service sector workers post WWII) |
|
|
phase of immigration to the US: 1970-present- Latin Americans and Asians (today 1 in 4 from Mexico)
|
phase 5
|
|
|
immigration to canada is similar to immigration the us except
|
less slavery
|
|
|
in immigration to canada, how many are asians?
|
60%
|
|
|
where do most immigrants go in canada
|
vancouver or toronto
|
|
|
chinese is the largest minority in this canadian city
|
vancouver
|
|
|
vancouver has how many percent foreign born?
|
40%
|
|
|
this canadian city is the highest foreign born of any global city
|
toronto
|
|
|
toronto has what percent foreign born
|
50%
|
|
|
no single minority group dominates in this canadian city
|
toronto
|
|
|
absorption of immigrants into the dominant culture
|
cultural assimilation
|
|
|
how can cultural assimilation be measured
|
socioeconomic status
spatial concentration intermarriage language proficiency |
|
|
socioeconomic status is measure by
|
income; education
|
|
|
spatial concentration is measured by
|
decreasing cluster within an ethnic group
|
|
|
marrying outside of the group indicates extra-group relations
|
o Intermarriage:
|
|
|
usually: 1st generation speaks poorly; 2nd is bilingual; 3rd is only speaks dominant language
|
o Language proficiency:
|
|
|
how many illegal immigrants are in the us
|
~12 million
|
