Geography (Rivers)

Front 1

Head-ward Erosion

Back 1

Erosion which makes the river longer.

Front 2

Vertical Erosion

Back 2

Erosion which deepens the river channels.

Front 3

Lateral Erosion

Back 3

Erosion which makes the river wider.

Front 4

Hydraulic action

Back 4

The pressure of water breaks rock particles away from the bed and banks. It's strongest in rapids and waterfalls and during floods.

Front 5

Abrasion (Corrosion)

Back 5

Eroded pieces of rock in the water scape and rub against the bed and banks, removing material. Most erosion of the river beds and banks happen from this type.

Front 6

Attrition

Back 6

Eroded rocks smash into each other and break into smaller fragments. Their edges also get rounded off as they rub together. This type doesn't erode the bed or banks - it just makes the rock particles smaller and rounder.

Front 7

Cavitation

Back 7

Air bubbles in the turbulent stretches of water implode causing shock waves that break pieces of rock off the banks and bed.

Front 8

Solution (Corrosion) (Erosion)

Back 8

The dissolving of rock by chemical processes. Carbon dioxide dissolves in water to form a weak acid, which reacts with rocks such as limestone and chalk, breaking them down.

Front 9

Transportation

Back 9

The process of eroded material being carried in river.

Front 10

Solution (Transportation)

Back 10

Substances that can dissolve are carried along in the water. E.g limestone