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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name a place atwhich coastal erosion occurs. |
Holderness
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What is the averagerate of erosion at Holderness? |
About1.8 litres per year
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How long is the Holderness coastline? |
Itis 61 kilometres long - it stretchesfrom Flamborough Head (a headland) to Spurn Head (a spit).
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What are some of theproblems caused by coastal erosion? (2) |
1. It is causing the cliffs to collapse along the coastline. 2. The material then gets washedaway, so the coastline is retreating. |
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How many metres ofland are being lost each year? |
About 1.8 metres ofland (in some places e.g. Great Cowden,the rate of erosion has been over 10 metresper year in recent years.) |
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What are the mainreasons for rapid erosion atHolderness? (4)
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1. Easily eroded rock type 2. Naturally narrow beaches 3. People worsening the situation 4. Powerful waves
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Why is easily erodedrock type a reason for rapid erosion? |
The cliffs are mostly made of boulder clay which is easilyeroded. It’s likely to slump whenit’s wet, causing the cliffs tocollapse. |
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Why are naturallynarrow beaches a reason for rapiderosion? |
Beaches slow wavesdown, reducing their erosive powerso narrow beaches give less protection. |
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Why is, peopleworsening the situation, a reason for rapiderosion? |
Groynes are usedas a coastal defence in Mappleton.The groynes stop materials frombeing moved further down the coast.This means the beaches are narrowerand more easily eroded in some other places. |
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Why are powerful wavesa reason for rapid erosion? |
Holderness faces theprevailing wind direction, whichbrings waves from the north east. Waves increase in power over this longdistance, so the coast is batteredby highly erosive waves. |
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What impacts doesthe rapid coastal erosion have on people’s lives? [Social and Economic](6) |
1. Homes near the cliffs (e.g. in Skipsea) are at risk of collapsing intothe sea. 2. Property prices along the coast have fallen sharply for those housesare at risk from erosion. 3. Accessibility to some settlements has been affected because roads nearthe cliff tops are at risk of collapsing into the sea. 4. Businesses are at risk from erosion so people will lose their jobs. 5. The gas terminal at Easington is at risk – only 25m from the cliffedge. 6. 80,000 (eighty thousand) m2 of farmland is lost each year.This has a huge effect on farmers’ livelihood.
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What are theenvironmental impacts of rapidcoastal erosion? |
Some SSSIs (Sites of ScientificInterest) are threatened – e.g. theLagoons near Easington are part of an SSSI. The lagoons are separated from the sea by a narrow strip of sand and shingle (a bar). If eroded itwill connect the Lagoon to the seaand they would be destroyed. |
