Geography: Northern Africa And Southwestern Asia

Front 1

Developing world

Back 1

south and central america, africa, middle east, and south asia

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Islam

Back 2

the religion

Front 3

Muslims

Back 3

people who practice the religion

Front 4

main language of the middle east

Back 4

Arabic

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Middle east population concentrated where?

Back 5

heavily concentrated on the coats, nomads inhabit the interior

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desalination plants

Back 6

need for them in the middle east, complexes take in salt water and convert it to potable water

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Sunni Muslims

Back 7

More moderate, predominant

Front 8

Shiite Muslims

Back 8

more fundamentalist and believe in stronger ties between religion and government

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Why are there differences between Muslims- Sunni and Shia?

Back 9

Developed over leadership succession disputes at the time of Mohammed

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SW Asia- largely what culture and religion?

Back 10

Arab and Muslim

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Many foreign workers- especially:

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Philippines and other south east Asians

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Agriculture in the region of the middle east and northern africa can be found:

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along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers and in the anti-Lebanon mtns in Lebanon

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Level of manufacturing in the middle east:

Back 13

very Low

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OPEC

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Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

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countries with oil:

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Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, United Arab Emirates

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countries without oil:

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Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Cyprus

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economics of countries with oil:

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based on oil revenues

Front 18

economics of countries without oil:

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rely on food crop production and trading

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Oligarchy

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rule by a small elite

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theocracy

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rule by religious leaders

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Zionism

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a branch of Jewish political thought that advocates active relocation to Israel as a political philosophy

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Balfour Declaration

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1917, British support Jewish migration back to Palestine

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1922, league of nations agreement

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league of nations agreed to allow the British to carve out a homeland for the Jews- Arabs agreed given that they would get their own homeland

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1947

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UN partitioned Palestine, Arabs revolted

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1948

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after Arabs could not capture the Jewish part of Palestine, it became independent as Israel

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Desertification

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the increase of the desert along its fringes

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deforestation

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the cutting of forests

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Structural Adjustment Programs

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programs implemented by lender nations to fore repayment of debts

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ECOWAS

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economic community of west African states

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SADC

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southern African development community

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EAC

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east African community

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the most prosperous region in Africa

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southern Africa, some very important resources are found in southern Africa

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Africa's largest country in population

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Nigeria

Front 34

subsistence agriculture

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refers to agricultural activity where the goal is simply to consume one's own product

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Structural adjustment

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an economic program of the international monetary fund that seeks to alter the economies of borrower countries

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Bantu culture

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the culture that originated in present day Nigeria and spread south and south east ward

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Afro-asiatic culture

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the mix of Arabian and African culture in the north and northeast of Africa

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important colonial powers in Africa

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British, French, German/Belgian

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the British provided material benefits such as: :inexchange for:

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land and livestock, cooperation

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material benefits in exchange for cooperation is known as

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co-option

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major advantage for the Europeans was that they had:

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better military organization and early machine guns

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Indirect rule

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use leaders already in place. (Africans knew and trusted their leaders- British could co-opt African leaders. much cheaper and easier than direct rule)

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policy of assimilation

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French colonial rule, their culture was superior so all must adopt it- distinctions between citizen and subject

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assimilation gave way to association

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you dont have to adopt French ways- just say that they are the best