Geography Mid Term Flash Cards

Front 1

5 themes of geography

Back 1

1. Location
2. Place
3. Human Environment Interation
4. Movement
5. regions

Front 2

Dew Point temperature

Back 2

The more moisture in the air mass, the greater the dew point temp. When temp drops below the dew point temp condensation occurs

Front 3

Textbook emphasis on 3 themes

Back 3

1. geography examines the interrelationship between humans and their natural enviroments
2. many basic principles of human geography can be studied and demonstrated in your own hometown
3. geography is dynamic

Front 4

What is human development?

Back 4

includes adequate nutrition, education, political liberty, and the opportunity to live in a healthy unpolluted environment.

Front 5

Elements of weather and climate

Back 5

1. temperature
2. humidity/precipitation/ moisture
3. (wind) movement

Front 6

Wind

Back 6

The horizontal movement of air from a higher pressure to a lower pressure

Front 7

situation

Back 7

the location of a place, relative to other places

Front 8

relative location

Back 8

influences accessibilty, which is indicated my terms such as near, far, etc.

Front 9

regions

Back 9

areas defined by one or more distinctive characteristics or features such as climate, soil type, language, or economic activity.

Front 10

air masses

Back 10

a mass/blob of air has common characteristics: Temp and Humidity.
The amount of moisture is determined by temp.
hot=more moisture
cool=less moisture

Front 11

site

Back 11

describes the exact location of a place, can be described in latitude or longitude or in terms of the places characteristics

Front 12

convection

Back 12

when the land gets heated enough to eat the air above it and the air rises

Front 13

cyclonic

Back 13

convering air; air is then cooled

Front 14

map

Back 14

a portrayal/representation of the earth in a reduced size

Front 15

vernacular region

Back 15

defined by widespread popular perception of their existance by people within or outside them.

Front 16

functional region

Back 16

one defined by interations among places

Front 17

formal region

Back 17

one that exhibits essential uniformity in one or more physical or cultural features

Front 18

relative humidity

Back 18

a measure of the actual amount of moisture divided by the potential amount of moisture

Front 19

What causes the seasons

Back 19

the earths tilt and parallelism

Front 20

globalization

Back 20

many activities have expanded their scale of organization to cover the whole globe

Front 21

atmospheric pressure

Back 21

made up of gasses that have weight

Front 22

Hurricanes

Back 22

low pressure cyclonic storms; air continually converging and cooling. Lower the pressure the more the air can move

Front 23

As long as we continue to blame nature...

Back 23

1. we end up with an adversarial relationship with nature
2. we wont be able to understand the problem and then attempt a solution.
we need to have proactive behavior instead of reactive behavior

Front 24

rotation

Back 24

Def. how the earth spins on its axis
24hrs=i rotation
gives us the basic directions of N, S, E ,W

Front 25

Hurricanes have...

Back 25

wind, rain, and storm surge

come from warm ocean waiter 81-82 degrees

Front 26

represenative fraction

Back 26

the numerator must always be one

Front 27

5 essentials of a good map

Back 27

1. Title
2. Legend
3. Direction
4. Scale
5. Date

Front 28

saturated air

Back 28

100% RH

Front 29

Aphelion

Back 29

July 4th
eath is farthest from the sun. "away from the sun"

Front 30

perihelion

Back 30

Jan 3rd
earth is closest to the sun. "near the sun"

Front 31

revolution

Back 31

def. how the earth goes around the sun
one revolution=364 days

Front 32

oragraphic lift

Back 32

forcing an air mass to rise up and over mountains

Front 33

to cool the air (2)

Back 33

1. increase latitude
2. increase altitude

Front 34

tornado

Back 34

really warm air collides with dry cold air and makes a vortex

Front 35

frontal

Back 35

a warm air mass rises up and over a cooler air mass

Front 36

average distance from the earth to the sun

Back 36

93 million miles

Front 37

catography

Back 37

the drawing of maps

Front 38

circle of illumination

Back 38

divides the earth into two halves

Front 39

diverging winds

Back 39

high pressure winds

Front 40

natural disaster

Back 40

human casualties and or losses which occur when the dangerous interaction does occur between extreme natural processes and people

Front 41

natural hazard

Back 41

liklihood or threatof dangerous interaction between extreme natural processes and people

Front 42

what degree is the earth tilted off the perpendicular

Back 42

23.5 degrees

Front 43

controls of both weather and climate

Back 43

1. latitude
2. Elevation
3. Continentality

Front 44

weather

Back 44

the momentary conditions of the atmosphere

Front 45

climate

Back 45

the expected climate/conditions of the atmosphere based on the long term results and record keeping

Front 46

hail

Back 46

convection system: in the top of a thunder cloud

Front 47

converging winds

Back 47

low pressure

Front 48

geography can be subdivided into two groups:

Back 48

physical: climate, plants, animals, landforms
human geography: the study of human groups and activities
*geogrpahy also studies the interatcion between the two*

Front 49

demographics

Back 49

population thematic maps

Front 50

fossil fuels

Back 50

carbon based biomatter compressedto be fuel and burned: oil, coal, and natural gas

Front 51

cloud

Back 51

condensation in a dense form; fog is just a cloud close to the ground

Front 52

daylight savings time

Back 52

spring forward, fall back
spring: we adopt the time of the time zone closest to the east
fall: go back to the original time

Front 53

time zone

Back 53

time zones begin at 0degrees (prime meridian) time meridians are all multiples of 15.

Front 54

longitude

Back 54

east and west determine the direction.
lines of longitude are also called meridians
each degree is 69 miles
lines are not parrallel;converge at the poles

Front 55

International dateline

Back 55

E - W advance one day
W - E go back one day

Front 56

Latitude

Back 56

north and south designate which latitude you are using
each degree is 69 miles apart
max latitude is 90 degrees

Front 57

greenhouse gasses

Back 57

1. carbon dioxide
2. mathane
3. water vapor

Front 58

distance decay

Back 58

the presence or impact of any phenomenon may diminish away from its origin, just as the volume of sound dimishes with distance

Front 59

model

Back 59

an idealized simplified representaion of reality that can be used as a standard to compare individual cases in the real world

Front 60

diffusion

Back 60

the process of and item or feature spreading through time

Front 61

relocation diffusion

Back 61

occurs from widely separted point to point

Front 62

contiguous diffusion

Back 62

occurs from one place directly to a neighboring place

Front 63

hierarchial diffusion

Back 63

sometimes diffusion does not occur contiguously across space but downward or upward

Front 64

lithosphere

Back 64

the solid earth of dirt and rock and sediment

Front 65

biosphere

Back 65

consists of all the living organisms on earth

Front 66

Ecosystem

Back 66

a group of organisms and the non living physical and chemical environment

Front 67

ecology

Back 67

the scientific study of ecosystems

Front 68

natural landscape

Back 68

one without evidence of human activity

Front 69

cultural landscape

Back 69

one that reveals the many ways people modify their local environment

Front 70

projection

Back 70

the transferral of locations on earth's surface to locations on a flat map

Front 71

conformal maps

Back 71

maps that distort size but preserve shape

Front 72

equal size maps

Back 72

maps that distort shape but preserve size

Front 73

insolation

Back 73

the amount of solar energy intercepted by a particular area of the earth

Front 74

radiation

Back 74

energy that is transmitted by electromagnetic waves

Front 75

latent heat exchange

Back 75

tremendous amounts of energy from low latitudes to high ones

Front 76

sensible heat

Back 76

heat you can feel

Front 77

latent heat

Back 77

invisble stored heat

Front 78

advection

Back 78

horizontal transfer of heat

Front 79

adiabatic cooling

Back 79

decrease in temperature that results from the expansion of rising air

Front 80

Coriolis effect

Back 80

combination of the earths rotation, and winds flowing in indirect paths

Front 81

transpiration

Back 81

plants take up water through their roots and expel water vapor through their leaves

Front 82

permafrost

Back 82

the condition of permenantly frozen ground

Front 83

quarternary period

Back 83

last 2 million yeard of excellent climate